Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State.
Identification and characterization of novel lineage 1 Powassan virus strains in New York State.
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纽约州的新谱系1 Powassan病毒菌株的识别和表征。
DOI：
10.1080/22221751.2022.2155585
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发表时间：
2023-12
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Ciota, Alexander T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lange, Rachel E.;Dupuis II, Alan P.;Prusinski, Melissa A.;Maffei, Joseph G.;Koetzner, Cheri A.;Ngo, Kiet;Backenson, Bryon;Oliver, JoAnne;Vogels, Chantal B. F.;Grubaugh, Nathan D.;Kramer, Laura D.;Ciota, Alexander T.
Powassan病毒（Powassan virus，POWV，黄病毒科）是一种重新出现的蜱传病毒，在北美和俄罗斯流行。1997年，从新英格兰的肩突硬蜱中分离出一种POWV样病原体，并确定其在遗传上与原始POWV分离株不同。这揭示了两个谱系的存在：谱系1，原型Powassan病毒（POWV-1）和谱系2，鹿蜱病毒（DTV）。POWV-1被认为主要维持在I.库克和土拨鼠和我。马克思和松鼠，而数字电视主要是维持在一个循环之间的I。和小型哺乳动物宿主。最近从纽约州（NYS）分离的蜱、哺乳动物和人类分离株已被鉴定为DTV，但45年来我们首次检测到4株POWV-1分离株，包括首次报道的从I.肩胛肌我们的目的是调查基因型和表型特征，通过序列分析和体外和体内复制动力学的评价，最近纽约州分离。我们的测序显示NYS POWV-1分离株之间存在遗传差异，有两个不同的病灶。我们发现，POWV-1分离株显示可变的复制动力学在若虫蜱，但不是在细胞培养。POWV-1分离自I.肩胛肌在实验感染的I.肩胛肌的历史和最近的POWV-1分离株相比，从I. cookei。这些数据表明，出现不同的POWV-1菌株在交替蜱宿主和维护遗传和表型离散的POWV-1病灶。
Powassan virus (POWV, family Flaviviridae) is a reemerging tick-borne virus endemic in North America and Russia. In 1997, a POWV-like agent was isolated from Ixodes scapularis in New England and determined to be genetically distinct from the original POWV isolate. This revealed the existence of two lineages: lineage 1, prototype Powassan virus (POWV-1) and lineage 2, deer tick virus (DTV). POWV-1 is thought to be primarily maintained in a cycle between I. cookei and woodchucks and I. marxi and squirrels, while DTV is primarily maintained in a cycle between I. scapularis and small mammal hosts. Recent tick, mammalian, and human isolates from New York State (NYS) have been identified as DTV, but for the first time in 45 years, we detected four POWV-1 isolates, including the first reported isolation of POWV-1 from I. scapularis. We aimed to investigate genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of recent NYS isolates through sequence analysis and evaluation of replication kinetics in vitro and in vivo. Our sequencing revealed genetic divergence between NYS POWV-1 isolates, with two distinct foci. We found that POWV-1 isolates displayed variable replication kinetics in nymphal ticks but not in cell culture. POWV-1 isolated from I. scapularis displayed increased fitness in experimentally infected I. scapularis as compared to historic and recent POWV-1 isolates from I. cookei. These data suggest the emergence of divergent POWV-1 strains in alternate tick hosts and maintenance of genetically and phenotypically discrete POWV-1 foci.
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