Effects of culture on musical pitch perception.
Effects of culture on musical pitch perception.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0033424
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Peretz I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wong PC;Ciocca V;Chan AH;Ha LY;Tan LH;Peretz I
音乐和语言之间的强烈联系得到了最近研究的支持，这些研究关注音乐家在第二语言学习和外国语音的神经编码方面的上级能力。然而，双重关联的证据语言背景对音高处理和障碍的影响仍然难以捉摸。因为语言在元素的用法上不同（例如，除了对音乐也至关重要的音高（音高）的影响外，检查这种语言与音乐关联的独特机会来自先天性失乐症的跨文化（语言）比较，这是一种影响大约5%西方人口的音乐（音高和节奏）处理的神经遗传性疾病。在本研究中，两个人口（香港和加拿大）进行了比较。一个人说的是一种声调语言，其中音高的差异对应于词义的差异（在香港粤语中，/si/在高音调和中音调模式下分别表示“老师”和“尝试”）。使用先天性失语症的在线识别测试，我们发现粤语作为一个群体，往往表现出增强的音高感知能力相比，加拿大法语和英语（非声调语言）的发言者。这种增强的能力发生在节奏感知没有差异的情况下，即使在控制了音乐背景和年龄等相关因素后也会持续存在。根据一个共同的定义，音乐失听症（人口的5%），我们发现香港的音高音乐家也显示出增强的音高能力相对于他们的加拿大同行。这些发现不仅为音乐和言语的双重关联提供了重要证据，而且还为在文化框架内重新概念化交际障碍提供了论据。沿着最近的研究记录了视觉感知的文化差异，我们的听觉证据挑战了基本心理过程普遍性的普遍假设，并谈到了文化对感知影响的领域普遍性。
The strong association between music and speech has been supported by recent research focusing on musicians' superior abilities in second language learning and neural encoding of foreign speech sounds. However, evidence for a double association—the influence of linguistic background on music pitch processing and disorders—remains elusive. Because languages differ in their usage of elements (e.g., pitch) that are also essential for music, a unique opportunity for examining such language-to-music associations comes from a cross-cultural (linguistic) comparison of congenital amusia, a neurogenetic disorder affecting the music (pitch and rhythm) processing of about 5% of the Western population. In the present study, two populations (Hong Kong and Canada) were compared. One spoke a tone language in which differences in voice pitch correspond to differences in word meaning (in Hong Kong Cantonese, /si/ means ‘teacher’ and ‘to try’ when spoken in a high and mid pitch pattern, respectively). Using the On-line Identification Test of Congenital Amusia, we found Cantonese speakers as a group tend to show enhanced pitch perception ability compared to speakers of Canadian French and English (non-tone languages). This enhanced ability occurs in the absence of differences in rhythmic perception and persists even after relevant factors such as musical background and age were controlled. Following a common definition of amusia (5% of the population), we found Hong Kong pitch amusics also show enhanced pitch abilities relative to their Canadian counterparts. These findings not only provide critical evidence for a double association of music and speech, but also argue for the reconceptualization of communicative disorders within a cultural framework. Along with recent studies documenting cultural differences in visual perception, our auditory evidence challenges the common assumption of universality of basic mental processes and speaks to the domain generality of culture-to-perception influences.
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作者：
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