The economics of managing evolution.
The economics of managing evolution.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.3001409
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
McAdams D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Day T;Kennedy DA;Read AF;McAdams D
人类正在以前所未有的速度改变生物系统，这些改变往往会产生长期的进化影响。最明显的是杀虫剂和抗生素耐药性的蔓延。有多种管理策略可用于减缓这种演变，并且使用它们的原因有很多。在本文中，我们关注演化管理的经济方面，并提出问题：个体决策者何时投资演化管理在经济上有利？我们推导出一个简单的无量纲不等式，表明当管理产生的生物资源有效寿命的增长百分比大于不管理进化可以获得的年利润增长百分比时，管理进化是具有成本效益的。我们展示了如何利用这种不平等来确定单个决策者的最佳投资选择，确定多个相互作用的决策者的纳什均衡投资选择，并研究这些均衡选择如何响应旨在刺激进化管理投资的监管干预。我们通过涉及苏云金芽孢杆菌 (Bt) 作物和养鱼业抗生素使用的例子来说明我们的结果。人类正在以前所未有的速度改变生物系统，这些改变往往会产生长期的进化影响，例如杀虫剂和抗生素耐药性的传播。在这项研究中，导出了一个简单的数学标准，确定投资控制和管理进化变化的策略何时在经济上有利。
Humans are altering biological systems at unprecedented rates, and these alterations often have longer-term evolutionary impacts. Most obvious is the spread of resistance to pesticides and antibiotics. There are a wide variety of management strategies available to slow this evolution, and there are many reasons for using them. In this paper, we focus on the economic aspects of evolution management and ask: When is it economically beneficial for an individual decision-maker to invest in evolution management? We derive a simple dimensionless inequality showing that it is cost-effective to manage evolution when the percentage increase in the effective life span of the biological resource that management generates is larger than the percentage increase in annual profit that could be obtained by not managing evolution. We show how this inequality can be used to determine optimal investment choices for single decision-makers, to determine Nash equilibrium investment choices for multiple interacting decision-makers, and to examine how these equilibrium choices respond to regulatory interventions aimed at stimulating investment in evolution management. Our results are illustrated with examples involving Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops and antibiotic use in fish farming. Humans are altering biological systems at unprecedented rates and these alterations often have longer-term evolutionary impacts, such as the spread of resistance to pesticides and antibiotics. In this study, a simple mathematical criterion is derived determining when it is economically beneficial to invest in strategies for controlling and managing evolutionary change.
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影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Bourguet, D;Desquilbet, M;Lemarié, S
通讯作者：
Lemarié, S
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
de Zeeuw, Aart;Zemel, Amos
通讯作者：
Zemel, Amos
DOI：
10.1111/j.0092-5853.2004.00583.x
发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hurley, TM;Mitchell, PD;Rice, ME
通讯作者：
Rice, ME
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
CLARKE, HR;REED, WJ
通讯作者：
REED, WJ
DOI：
10.1111/j.0092-5853.2004.00558.x
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Livingston, MJ;Carlson, GA;Fackler, PL
通讯作者：
Fackler, PL