Generative Models for Active Vision.

Generative Models for Active Vision.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnbot.2021.651432
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Friston KJ
Friston KJ
中科院分区:
计算机科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parr T;Sajid N;Da Costa L;Mirza MB;Friston KJ

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主动视觉系统包括视觉皮层、大脑注意网络和眼神经系统。虽然它本身很吸引人,但它也是一般感觉运动网络的重要模型。研究这个系统的一个突出方法是主动推理,它假设大脑利用内部(生成)模型来预测本体感受和视觉输入。这种方法将行动视为确保感觉符合预测(即,通过移动眼睛),并假定视觉感知是更新预测以符合感觉的结果。在主动推理下,挑战在于识别生成模型的形式,生成模型做出这些预测,从而指导行为。在本文中,我们提供了一个概述的生成模型,大脑必须采用从事主动视觉。这意味着要详细说明解释视网膜细胞活动和来自眼肌纤维的本体感受信息的过程。除了眼睛和视网膜的机制之外,这些过程还包括我们选择将眼睛移动到哪里。这些决定依赖于对显著位置的信念,或者信息获取和信念更新的潜力。本文的一个关键主题是在大脑的视觉世界的内隐生成模型下,“看”和“看”之间的关系。
The active visual system comprises the visual cortices, cerebral attention networks, and oculomotor system. While fascinating in its own right, it is also an important model for sensorimotor networks in general. A prominent approach to studying this system is active inference—which assumes the brain makes use of an internal (generative) model to predict proprioceptive and visual input. This approach treats action as ensuring sensations conform to predictions (i.e., by moving the eyes) and posits that visual percepts are the consequence of updating predictions to conform to sensations. Under active inference, the challenge is to identify the form of the generative model that makes these predictions—and thus directs behavior. In this paper, we provide an overview of the generative models that the brain must employ to engage in active vision. This means specifying the processes that explain retinal cell activity and proprioceptive information from oculomotor muscle fibers. In addition to the mechanics of the eyes and retina, these processes include our choices about where to move our eyes. These decisions rest upon beliefs about salient locations, or the potential for information gain and belief-updating. A key theme of this paper is the relationship between “looking” and “seeing” under the brain's implicit generative model of the visual world.
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