Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutant SOD1 inhibits anterograde axonal transport of mitochondria by reducing Miro1 levels.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutant SOD1 inhibits anterograde axonal transport of mitochondria by reducing Miro1 levels.
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DOI:
10.1093/hmg/ddx348
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发表时间:
2017-12-01
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
De Vos KJ
De Vos KJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moller A;Bauer CS;Cohen RN;Webster CP;De Vos KJ

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轴突运输缺陷是肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)的早期神经病理学特征。我们以前已经表明,ALS相关的突变铜/锌超氧化物歧化酶1(SOD 1)损害轴突运输的线粒体运动神经元分离SOD 1 G93 A转基因小鼠和ALS突变SOD 1转染的皮层神经元,但潜在的机制仍未解决。线粒体外膜蛋白Rho GTd 1(Miro 1)是响应于细胞溶质钙([Ca 2 +]c)水平和线粒体损伤的线粒体轴突运输的主要调节剂。Ca 2+与Miro 1的结合通过改变其与驱动蛋白-1的相互作用来停止线粒体转运,而线粒体损伤诱导磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)诱导的推定激酶1(PINK 1)和Miro 1的帕金森依赖性降解,从而停止转运。为了确定突变型SOD 1相关ALS中线粒体轴突运输受损的潜在机制,我们研究了ALS突变型SOD 1表达神经元中的[Ca 2 +]c和Miro 1水平。我们发现ALS突变体SOD 1的表达降低了内源性Miro 1的水平,但不影响[Ca 2 +]c。ALS突变体SOD 1诱导的Miro 1水平降低是Parkin依赖性的。此外,Miro 1的过表达和PINK 1的消融都挽救了ALS突变体SOD 1表达皮层和运动神经元中的线粒体轴突运输缺陷。总之,这些结果提供了证据表明,ALS突变体SOD 1通过诱导PINK 1/Parkin依赖性Miro 1降解来抑制线粒体的轴突运输。
Defective axonal transport is an early neuropathological feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We have previously shown that ALS-associated mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) impair axonal transport of mitochondria in motor neurons isolated from SOD1 G93A transgenic mice and in ALS mutant SOD1 transfected cortical neurons, but the underlying mechanisms remained unresolved. The outer mitochondrial membrane protein mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1 (Miro1) is a master regulator of mitochondrial axonal transport in response to cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) levels ([Ca2+]c) and mitochondrial damage. Ca2+ binding to Miro1 halts mitochondrial transport by modifying its interaction with kinesin-1 whereas mitochondrial damage induces Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN)-induced Putative Kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin-dependent degradation of Miro1 and consequently stops transport. To identify the mechanism underlying impaired axonal transport of mitochondria in mutant SOD1-related ALS we investigated [Ca2+]c and Miro1 levels in ALS mutant SOD1 expressing neurons. We found that expression of ALS mutant SOD1 reduced the level of endogenous Miro1 but did not affect [Ca2+]c. ALS mutant SOD1 induced reductions in Miro1 levels were Parkin dependent. Moreover, both overexpression of Miro1 and ablation of PINK1 rescued the mitochondrial axonal transport deficit in ALS mutant SOD1-expressing cortical and motor neurons. Together these results provide evidence that ALS mutant SOD1 inhibits axonal transport of mitochondria by inducing PINK1/Parkin-dependent Miro1 degradation.
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