Shorter anogenital distance predicts poorer semen quality in young men in Rochester, New York.

Shorter anogenital distance predicts poorer semen quality in young men in Rochester, New York.
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DOI:
10.1289/ehp.1103421
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发表时间:
2011-07
影响因子:
10.4
通讯作者:
Swan SH
Swan SH
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mendiola J;Stahlhut RW;Jørgensen N;Liu F;Swan SH

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背景:在雄性啮齿类动物中,肛门生殖器距离(AGD)提供了宫内环境中雄激素暴露的敏感且连续的相关性,并预测了以后的生殖成功。一些内分泌干扰化学物质可以改变啮齿动物和人类的雄性生殖道发育,包括缩短 AGD。 AGD 是否与人类精液质量有关尚不清楚。目的:我们研究了成年男性 AGD 和精液参数之间的关联。方法:我们使用多元回归分析对纽约州罗彻斯特的 126 名志愿者的精子参数与 AGD 的两种替代测量方法 [从肛门到阴囊后基部 (AGDAS) 和到阴茎头端插入 (AGDAP)] 之间的关系进行建模。结果:AGDAS(而非 AGDAP)与精子浓度、活力、形态、精子总数和活动总数相关(p 值,0.002-0.048)。 AGDAS 低于(与高于)中位数的男性精子浓度较低 (< 20 × 106/mL) 的可能性高出 7.3 倍(95% 置信区间,2.5–21.6)。对于典型的研究参与者,在(调整后的)AGDAS 的第 25 个和第 75 个百分位数处,精子浓度分别为 34.7 × 106/mL 和 51.6 × 106/mL。结论:在我们的人群中,AGDAS 与所有精液参数都有很强的相关性,并且是低精子浓度的预测因子。在动物中,雄性出生时 AGD 反映了男性化编程窗口期间的雄激素水平,并预测成年 AGD 和生殖功能。因此,我们的研究结果表明,胎儿早期的雄激素环境对人类 AGD 和成年精子计数产生根本性影响,正如啮齿类动物所证明的那样。
Background: In male rodents, anogenital distance (AGD) provides a sensitive and continuous correlate of androgen exposure in the intrauterine environment and predicts later reproductive success. Some endocrine-disrupting chemicals can alter male reproductive tract development, including shortening AGD, in both rodents and humans. Whether AGD is related to semen quality in human is unknown. Objective: We examined associations between AGD and semen parameters in adult males. Methods: We used multiple regression analyses to model the relationships between sperm parameters and two alternative measures of AGD [from the anus to the posterior base of the scrotum (AGDAS) and to the cephalad insertion of the penis (AGDAP)] in 126 volunteers in Rochester, New York. Results: AGDAS, but not AGDAP, was associated with sperm concentration, motility, morphology, total sperm count, and total motile count (p-values, 0.002–0.048). Men with AGDAS below (vs. above) the median were 7.3 times more likely (95% confidence interval, 2.5–21.6) to have a low sperm concentration (< 20 × 106/mL). For a typical study participant, sperm concentrations were 34.7 × 106/mL and 51.6 × 106/mL at the 25th and 75th percentiles of (adjusted) AGDAS. Conclusions: In our population, AGDAS was a strong correlate of all semen parameters and a predictor of low sperm concentration. In animals, male AGD at birth reflects androgen levels during the masculinization programming window and predicts adult AGD and reproductive function. Our results suggest, therefore, that the androgenic environment during early fetal life exerts a fundamental influence on both AGD and adult sperm counts in humans, as demonstrated in rodents.
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DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900881
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