Dietary fish, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption, and depression risk in Japan: a population-based prospective cohort study.
Dietary fish, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption, and depression risk in Japan: a population-based prospective cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1038/tp.2017.206
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发表时间：
2017-09-26
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Tsugane S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsuoka YJ;Sawada N;Mimura M;Shikimoto R;Nozaki S;Hamazaki K;Uchitomi Y;Tsugane S
对观察性研究的系统回顾显示，食用鱼类和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）如二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸的水平与降低抑郁症风险有关。n-3 PUFAs具有反j型效应。然而，来自高鱼类消费人群的证据有限，也没有研究使用基于精神病学家的重度抑郁症（MDD）标准诊断。因此，这项基于人群的前瞻性研究调查了日本膳食中鱼类、n-3 PUFA和n-6 PUFA的摄入与精神科医生诊断的重度抑郁症风险的关系。1990年在Saku地区共登记了12 219名受试者。其中，我们提取了1181名年龄在63-82岁之间的参与者，他们分别在1995年和2000年完成了食物频率问卷，并在2014-2015年进行了心理健康检查。根据鱼类摄入量和PUFA四分位数计算MDD的比值比（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）。目前有95名患者被诊断为重度抑郁症。我们发现，摄入鱼类（111.1 g /天，OR=0.44, 95% CI= 0.23-0.84）、EPA （307.7 mg /天，OR=0.54, 95% CI= 0.30-0.99）和二十二碳五烯酸（DPA） （123.1 mg /天，OR=0.42, 95% CI= 0.22-0.85）可以降低MDD的风险。对癌症、中风、心肌梗死和糖尿病进行调整后的ORs对于鱼类和DPA的摄入仍然显著。我们的研究结果表明，适度的鱼类摄入可以预防老年日本人的重度抑郁症。
Systematic review of observational studies has revealed that fish consumption and levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid are associated with a reduced risk of depression. A reverse J-shaped effect of n-3 PUFAs was suggested. However, there is limited evidence from populations with high fish consumption and no studies have used a standard psychiatrist-based diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Therefore, this population-based, prospective study investigated the association of dietary fish, n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA consumption with risk of psychiatrist-diagnosed MDD in Japan. A total of 12 219 subjects were enrolled from the Saku area in 1990. Of these, we extracted 1181 participants aged 63–82 years who completed food frequency questionnaires in both 1995 and 2000 and also underwent a mental health examination in 2014–2015. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MDD according to fish intake and PUFA quartiles were calculated. Current MDD was diagnosed in 95 patients. We found a reduced risk of MDD in the third quartile for fish intake (111.1 g per day, OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.23–0.84), second quartile for EPA (307.7 mg per day, OR=0.54, 95% CI=0.30–0.99) and third quartile for docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (123.1 mg per day, OR=0.42, 95% CI=0.22–0.85). ORs adjusted for cancer, stroke, myocardial infarction and diabetes remained significant for fish and DPA intake. Our results suggest that moderate fish intake could be recommended for the prevention of MDD in aged Japanese individuals.
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