Subjective impressions do not mirror online reading effort: concurrent EEG-eyetracking evidence from the reading of books and digital media.
Subjective impressions do not mirror online reading effort: concurrent EEG-eyetracking evidence from the reading of books and digital media.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0056178
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schlesewsky M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kretzschmar F;Pleimling D;Hosemann J;Füssel S;Bornkessel-Schlesewsky I;Schlesewsky M
在我们日益数字化的世界中，阅读也正在成为一种日益数字化的体验：在美国和英国，电子书的销量正在超过印刷书籍。尽管如此，许多读者仍然认为电子书的可读性不如印刷书籍。因此，本研究使用了EEG和眼动追踪相结合的方法，以测试从数字媒体上阅读是否比阅读传统书籍需要更高的认知努力。年轻人和老年人在三种不同的阅读设备上阅读简短的文本：纸页，电子阅读器和平板电脑，并回答关于他们的理解问题，同时记录他们的眼球运动和脑电图。报告问卷的结果重复了先前的发现，即参与者压倒性地选择了纸质页面而不是两种电子设备作为他们首选的阅读媒介。相比之下，在线测量显示，与其他两种设备相比，老年人在平板电脑上阅读时的平均注视时间较短，EEG θ波电压密度较低-已知与记忆编码和提取相关。年轻人对所有三种设备的注视持续时间和theta活动都具有可比性。两组的理解准确性在三种媒体之间没有差异。我们认为，这些结果可以解释在更好的文本辨别力（更高的对比度）所产生的背光显示的平板电脑。对比敏感度随着年龄的增长而降低，对比度降低导致阅读时间延长，因此支持老年读者可能特别受益于片剂增强的对比度的结论。因此，我们的研究结果表明，人们对数字阅读媒体的主观评价必须与在线信息处理所花费的认知和神经努力分离，而阅读从这些设备。
In the rapidly changing circumstances of our increasingly digital world, reading is also becoming an increasingly digital experience: electronic books (e-books) are now outselling print books in the United States and the United Kingdom. Nevertheless, many readers still view e-books as less readable than print books. The present study thus used combined EEG and eyetracking measures in order to test whether reading from digital media requires higher cognitive effort than reading conventional books. Young and elderly adults read short texts on three different reading devices: a paper page, an e-reader and a tablet computer and answered comprehension questions about them while their eye movements and EEG were recorded. The results of a debriefing questionnaire replicated previous findings in that participants overwhelmingly chose the paper page over the two electronic devices as their preferred reading medium. Online measures, by contrast, showed shorter mean fixation durations and lower EEG theta band voltage density – known to covary with memory encoding and retrieval – for the older adults when reading from a tablet computer in comparison to the other two devices. Young adults showed comparable fixation durations and theta activity for all three devices. Comprehension accuracy did not differ across the three media for either group. We argue that these results can be explained in terms of the better text discriminability (higher contrast) produced by the backlit display of the tablet computer. Contrast sensitivity decreases with age and degraded contrast conditions lead to longer reading times, thus supporting the conclusion that older readers may benefit particularly from the enhanced contrast of the tablet. Our findings thus indicate that people's subjective evaluation of digital reading media must be dissociated from the cognitive and neural effort expended in online information processing while reading from such devices.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Bornkessel, I;McElree, B;Friederici, AD
通讯作者：
Friederici, AD
影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
JUST, MA;CARPENTER, PA
通讯作者：
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