Cell wall structures leading to cultivar differences in softening rates develop early during apple (Malus x domestica) fruit growth.
Cell wall structures leading to cultivar differences in softening rates develop early during apple (Malus x domestica) fruit growth.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2229-13-183
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发表时间：
2013-11-19
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Johnston JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ng JK;Schröder R;Sutherland PW;Hallett IC;Hall MI;Prakash R;Smith BG;Melton LD;Johnston JW
关于果实组织微观结构的发育和果实生长过程中细胞壁的变化，以及这些发育过程在不同软化行为的品种之间的差异，目前还缺乏相关信息。在本研究中，我们比较了两个苹果品种在果实发育和成熟过程中表现出不同的软化速率。我们研究了这些不同的软化行为是在成熟阶段乙烯诱导的软化过程中较晚表现出来，还是在果实膨胀和成熟过程中较早表现出来。“Scifresh”（缓慢软化）和“Royal Gala”（快速软化）苹果早在细胞膨胀阶段就表现出皮层微观结构和细胞粘附的差异。与“Royal Gala”相比，“Scifresh”苹果在果实发育早期表现出更少的硬度损失和更多的干物质积累，这表明资源分配的差异影响了组织结构特性。“Scifresh”中的三细胞连接处富含高度酯化的果胶，有助于增强细胞粘附力，并在细胞膨胀过程中增加对大空气空间发展的抵抗力。因此，“Scifresh”的成熟果实显示出比“Royal Gala”更大、更有棱角的细胞，空气空间更少，组织更致密。在成熟的“Scifresh”中，更强的细胞粘附导致细胞破裂，而不是像“Royal Gala”中看到的那样，细胞间分离导致组织断裂。cdta可溶性果胶在两个品种的发育过程中存在差异，暗示其参与细胞粘附。在‘ Scifresh ’中，果实发育早期果胶甲基酯酶活性低，加上缺乏免疫可检测的PG，与细胞粘附性增加有关。我们的研究结果表明，导致苹果果实软化率差异的细胞壁结构在果实生长早期和成熟诱导过程之前就已经形成。
There is a paucity of information regarding development of fruit tissue microstructure and changes in the cell walls during fruit growth, and how these developmental processes differ between cultivars with contrasting softening behaviour. In this study we compare two apple cultivars that show different softening rates during fruit development and ripening. We investigate whether these different softening behaviours manifest themselves late during ethylene-induced softening in the ripening phase, or early during fruit expansion and maturation. ‘Scifresh’ (slow softening) and ‘Royal Gala’ (rapid softening) apples show differences in cortical microstructure and cell adhesion as early as the cell expansion phase. ‘Scifresh’ apples showed reduced loss of firmness and greater dry matter accumulation compared with ‘Royal Gala’ during early fruit development, suggesting differences in resource allocation that influence tissue structural properties. Tricellular junctions in ‘Scifresh’ were rich in highly-esterified pectin, contributing to stronger cell adhesion and an increased resistance to the development of large airspaces during cell expansion. Consequently, mature fruit of ‘Scifresh’ showed larger, more angular shaped cells than ‘Royal Gala’, with less airspaces and denser tissue. Stronger cell adhesion in ripe ‘Scifresh’ resulted in tissue fracture by cell rupture rather than by cell-to-cell-separation as seen in ‘Royal Gala’. CDTA-soluble pectin differed in both cultivars during development, implicating its involvement in cell adhesion. Low pectin methylesterase activity during early stages of fruit development coupled with the lack of immuno-detectable PG was associated with increased cell adhesion in ‘Scifresh’. Our results indicate that cell wall structures leading to differences in softening rates of apple fruit develop early during fruit growth and well before the induction of the ripening process.
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DOI：
10.21273/jashs.125.3.350
发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
De Belie, N;Hallett, IC;De Baerdemaeker, J
通讯作者：
De Baerdemaeker, J
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Longhi S;Hamblin MT;Trainotti L;Peace CP;Velasco R;Costa F
通讯作者：
Costa F
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
LINERS, F;VANCUTSEM, P
通讯作者：
VANCUTSEM, P
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
McAtee, Peter A.;Hallett, Ian C.;Schaffer, Robert J.
通讯作者：
Schaffer, Robert J.
DOI：
10.21273/jashs.128.3.0381
发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Allan-Wojtas, P;Sanford, KA;Carbyn, S
通讯作者：
Carbyn, S