From features to categories: The development of inductive generalization.
From features to categories: The development of inductive generalization.
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DOI:
10.1037/xlm0001263
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发表时间:
2023-10
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Sloutsky, Vladimir M.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ralston, Robert W.;Sloutsky, Vladimir M.
Young children can generalize from known to novel, but the underlying mechanism is still debated. Some argue that from an early age generalization is category-based and undergoes little development, while others believe that early generalization is similarity-based, and the use of categories emerges over time. The current research brings new evidence to the debate. In Experiment 1 (N = 118), we presented 4–5-year-olds and adults with a category learning task followed by an exemplar generation task. Then, in Experiment 2 (N = 126), we presented the same tasks but provided participants with additional conceptual information about the category members. Our results indicate that early reasoning undergoes dramatic development: whereas young children rely mostly on salient features, adults rely on category information. These results challenge category-based accounts of early generalization, while supporting similarity-based accounts.
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