High and highly bonded: Fused football fans who use cocaine are most likely to be aggressive toward rivals.
High and highly bonded: Fused football fans who use cocaine are most likely to be aggressive toward rivals.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103263
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发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Newson M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newson M
1486名英国球迷完成了一项在线调查。更多的球迷报告使用可卡因比全国平均水平。大约1%的球迷报告在体育场使用可卡因，但30%的人看到其他人使用。身份融合，一种强烈的联系形式，预示着对对手的攻击。同伴使用和身份融合对攻击性有显著的预测作用。英国足球迷中的coagulum使用还没有被量化，尽管它与媒体与足球有关的侵略性有关。身份融合是一种有效的社会联系形式，是粉丝暴力的一个公认的预测因素，从未被调查过与兴奋剂使用有关。英国足球迷（n = 1486）完成了一项自我选择的在线调查，内容是他们与俱乐部和其他球迷的关系，他们的可卡因使用情况以及过去12个月对对手球迷的攻击行为。球迷报告可卡因使用率高于全国平均水平（6.19%）。在观看过球场比赛的球迷中，1.08%的人曾在球场内吸食过可卡因，30.05%的人曾目睹过其他球迷在比赛中吸食可卡因。使用可卡因的球迷比没有使用可卡因的球迷对对手的攻击性更强。可卡因和身份融合显着相互作用，这样，高度“融合”可卡因用户特别有可能对他们的竞争对手表现出侵略性。男人比女人更容易融合，更有攻击性。足球反映了更广泛的社会，无论是社会问题还是毒品使用。廉价但高纯度的可卡因的广泛供应可能与球迷的攻击性有关，特别是在与俱乐部和其他球迷关系密切的球迷中。
A sample of 1486 British football fans completed an online survey. More fans reported using cocaine than the national average. Around 1% of fans reported cocaine use in stadia, but 30% had seen others use it. Identity fusion, an intense form of bonding, predicted aggression toward rivals. Cocaine use and identity fusion significantly interacted to predict aggression. Cocaine use among British football fans has yet to be quantified, despite its association with football-related aggression by the media. Identity fusion, a potent form of social bonding, is a well-established predictor of fan violence, which has never been investigated in relation to stimulant use. British football fans (n = 1486) completed a self-selected online survey about how bonded they were to their club and fellow fans, their cocaine use, and aggressive behavior toward rival fans over the prior 12-months. Fans reported more cocaine use than the national average (6.19%). Of fans who attended stadia matches, 1.08% had used cocaine in stadia, and 30.05% had witnessed other fans take cocaine at matches. Fans who used cocaine reported significantly more aggression toward rivals than fans who did not. Cocaine and identity fusion significantly interacted, such that highly ‘fused’ cocaine users were especially likely to have behaved aggressively toward their rivals. Men were more fused and more aggressive than women. Football mirrors wider society, be it in social issues or drug use. The widespread availability of cheap but high purity cocaine may be associated with fan aggression, especially among fans who are highly bonded to their clubs and fellow fans.
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