Methodological Considerations in Studying Centenarians: Lessons Learned From the Georgia Centenarian Studies
Methodological Considerations in Studying Centenarians: Lessons Learned From the Georgia Centenarian Studies
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研究百岁老人的方法论考虑：从佐治亚州百岁老人研究中吸取的教训
DOI：
10.1891/0198-8794.27.1.231
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jianliang Dai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Poon;Michal S. Jazwinski;R. Green;J. Woodard;Peter Martin;W. Rodgers;M. Johnson;D. Hausman;J. Arnold;A. Davey;M. Batzer;W. Markesbery;M. Gearing;I. Siegler;S. Reynolds;Jianliang Dai
本章的目的是分享研究百岁老人的方法论问题和陷阱。在此过程中，我们概述了乔治亚州百岁老人研究的三个阶段的设计、假设、问题和发现。每个阶段都有自己的挑战。正如本章的作者和研究者名单所述，对老年人的生物心理社会方面的研究需要一个多学科团队，必须以跨学科的方式工作来解决问题和问题。团队必须学会跨学科工作，并相互依赖，为现有的设计和方法问题提供新的解决方案。解决方案可能并不完美，有些是妥协。从这些经验中吸取的教训可以用于下一代的百岁老人研究。在过去的20年里，我们一直面临着以下问题：(a)从百岁老人的方便样本中进行推广，(b)获得代表性样本的方法问题，(c)确定百岁老人研究的适当对照组，(d)招募受家庭和社区良好保护的人群进行研究，(e)对高死亡率的虚弱人群进行测试，(f)百岁老人血液细胞不朽的方法问题。(g)为了不使参与者感到疲劳，多少测试时间和多少次测试是合适的问题，(h)请求大脑捐赠的伦理问题，(i)将血液样本从现场运送到实验室的方法，(j)数据采集的质量控制和有效的数据共享方法，等等。
The goal of this chapter was to share methodological concerns and pitfalls in the study of centenarians. In so doing, we outlined the designs, hypotheses, problems, and findings from the three phases of the Georgia Centenarian Study. Each phase presented its own challenges. As noted in the list of authors and investigators of this chapter, the study of biopsychosocial aspects of the oldest old requires a multidisciplinary team that must work in an interdisciplinary manner to resolve problems and issues. The team must learn to work across disciplines and to depend on each other for new solutions to existing designs and methodological problems. The solutions might not be perfect, and some were compromises. Lessons learned from these experiences may be used for the next generations of centenarian research. Over the last 20 years, we have been confronted with issues of (a) generalization from a convenience sample of centenarians, (b) methodological issues in obtaining a representative sample, (c) determination of proper control groups for centenarian research, (d) recruitment for research of a population that is well protected by their family and community, (e) testing a frail population with a high mortality rate, (f) methodological issues in cell immortalization of centenarian blood, (g) issues relating to how much testing time and how many sessions are appropriate in order not to fatigue the participant, (h) ethical issues in requesting brain donations, (i) methods of transportation of blood samples from the field to the laboratory, (j) quality control on data acquisition and efficient methods for data sharing, and many more.
We brought attention to the cross-sectional and longitudinal designs on centenarian research; each has their distinct advantages and disadvantages. Neither of these designs could provide conclusions on the definitive, replicable, or enduring characteristics of centenarians. Perhaps if and when the opportunity exists, a time-sequential design (Schaie, 1994) could be applied to answer a number of needed questions on the influence of time, cohort, and time of measurement issues among the oldest old.
This chapter is written for the next generations of centenarian researchers. May they learn from our experience and dilemma.
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人格与老年死亡率。
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/59.3.p110
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wilson,RobertS;MendesdeLeon,CarlosF;Bienias,JuliaL;Evans,DenisA;Bennett,DavidA
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影响因子：
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作者：
Nickols-Richardson,SM;Johnson,MA;Poon,LW;Martin,P
通讯作者：
Martin,P
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/58.1.s2
发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Yang, Z;Norton, EC;Stearns, SC
通讯作者：
Stearns, SC
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Pritchard, JK;Rosenberg, NA
通讯作者：
Rosenberg, NA
影响因子：
7
作者：
Jiang, JC;Kirchman, PA;Jazwinski, SM
通讯作者：
Jazwinski, SM