Gender differences in alcohol metabolism. Physiological responses to ethanol.

Gender differences in alcohol metabolism. Physiological responses to ethanol.
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酒精代谢的性别差异。

DOI:
10.1007/0-306-47138-8_9
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发表时间:
1995
期刊:
Recent developments in alcoholism : an official publication of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism, the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on Alcoholism
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Holly R. Thomasson
Holly R. Thomasson
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Holly R. Thomasson

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酒精药代动力学的性别差异被认为可以解释为什么女性更容易受到酒精毒性作用的影响。动物实验的结果表明,由于荷尔蒙差异,女性的酒精代谢率高于男性。研究人类酒精代谢的性别差异的实验结果一直不一致,多样性的实验方案和各种药代动力学参数的报告,这些研究的比较非常困难。同一性别的个体之间酒精代谢率的差异往往很大,这妨碍了一些研究对性别差异的评估。本章试图总结过去十年的研究结果,研究性别和性激素差异对男性和女性乙醇代谢的作用。身体组成,遗传因素,胃和肝脏的乙醇脱氢酶,和胃的吸收在酒精代谢的性别差异进行了讨论。建议,可能会导致更好的交叉研究比较和更一致的实验结果。
A gender difference in alcohol pharmacokinetics has been suggested to explain why women are more vulnerable to ethanol's toxic effects. The results of animal experiments suggest that females exhibit higher alcohol metabolic rates than males as a result of hormonal differences. Experimental results examining gender differences in human alcohol metabolism have been inconsistent; the diversity of experimental protocols and variety of pharmacokinetic parameters reported have made comparisons of these studies very difficult. Variability in alcohol metabolic rate between individuals of the same sex is often significant, preventing an assessment of gender differences in some studies. This chapter attempts to summarize the findings of studies from the last decade that examined the role of gender and sex hormone differences on ethanol metabolism in men and women. The role of body composition, genetic factors, gastric and hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase, and gastric absorption in creating gender differences in alcohol metabolism is discussed. Suggestions are offered that may result in better cross-study comparisons and more consistent experimental results.
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