The effect of distributional information on children's use of phonemic contrasts

The effect of distributional information on children's use of phonemic contrasts
复制标题

分布信息对儿童使用音位对比的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.jml.2006.07.002
复制
发表时间:
2007
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Erik D. Thiessen
Erik D. Thiessen
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Erik D. Thiessen

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

最近的几个实验表明,在学习单词时,儿童对音位差异(例如/d/和/t/)的敏感性不如他们在辨别任务中的敏感性[Pater, J., Stager, C. L., & Werker, J. F.(2004)]。语音对比的知觉习得。语文,80,384-402;Stager, c.l.和Werker, j.f.(1997)。婴儿在言语感知中比在单词学习任务中听更多的语音细节。自然科学学报,2004,22(3):381-382。特别是14个月大的婴儿,他们可以听出类似单词之间的区别,比如“daw”和“taw”,当他们指的是新学的物体时,这些标签是可以互换的。我们假设,对母语音素分布的经验有助于儿童在单词学习任务中使用这些音素差异。当孩子在不同的单词中体验到不同的音素时,他们会接收到分布信息。为了验证这一假设,我们让孩子们接触两种单词:音素出现在非常相似的语境中的单词,以及音素出现在不同语境中的单词。在不同的语境中经历过音素的孩子在单词学习任务中更能成功地使用音素之间的对比。
Several recent experiments indicate that, when learning words, children are not as sensitive to phonemic differences (e.g., /d/ vs. /t/) as they are in discrimination tasks [Pater, J., Stager, C. L., & Werker, J. F. (2004). The perceptual acquisition of phonological contrasts. Language, 80, 384–402; Stager, C. L., & Werker, J. F. (1997). Infants listen for more phonetic detail in speech perception than in word-learning tasks. Nature, 388, 381–382]. In particular, 14-month-olds who can hear the difference between similar words such as “daw” and “taw” treat these labels as interchangeable when they refer to newly learned objects. We hypothesize that experience with the distribution of phonemes in their native language helps children use these phonemic distinctions in a word-learning task. Children receive distributional information when they experience different phonemes in different words. To test this hypothesis, we exposed children to two kinds of words: words in which phonemes occurred in very similar contexts, and words in which phonemes occurred in dissimilar contexts. Children who experienced phonemes in dissimilar contexts were more successful in using the contrast between the phonemes in a word-learning task.
幼儿消除对象名称引用的歧义。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1991
期刊: Child development
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
Merriman,WE;Schuster,JM
通讯作者: Schuster,JM
非母语语音对比的知觉重组检查:英语成人和婴儿的祖鲁语点击歧视。
DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.14.3.345
发表时间: 1988
期刊: Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子: --
作者:
Best,CT;McRoberts,GW;Sithole,NM
通讯作者: Sithole,NM
DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.20.2.421
发表时间: 1994-04-01
影响因子: 2.1
作者:
POLKA, L;WERKER, JF
通讯作者: WERKER, JF
14 个月大的婴儿获得词-物关联。
DOI: 10.1037//0012-1649.34.6.1289
发表时间: 1998
期刊: Developmental psychology.
影响因子: --
作者:
Werker,JF;Cohen,LB;Lloyd,VL;Casasola,M;Stager,CL
通讯作者: Stager,CL
DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.39.4.706
发表时间: 2003-07-01
影响因子: 4
作者:
Thiessen, ED;Saffran, JR
通讯作者: Saffran, JR