Giardia intestinalis
Giardia intestinalis
复制标题
肠贾第鞭毛虫
DOI：
10.1097/00132980-200312000-00003
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
D. R. Hill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ali;D. R. Hill
综述目的肠贾第鞭毛虫(sy.十二指肠线虫(十二指肠线虫或兰氏菌)是世界上最常见的肠道寄生虫之一，估计每年有2.8×106人感染，它导致发展中地区儿童腹泻和营养不良。贾第虫的广泛流行及其在进化生物学中的独特地位导致了不断的研究。最近的发现对贾第鞭毛虫的基础生物学的研究突出了它作为一种‘早期分支’真核生物的一些独特特性。尽管贾第鞭毛虫不包含线粒体，但它们已经开发了执行某些线粒体功能的途径。对囊化和胞外作用的研究已经发现了新的基因产物，它们在囊壁的形成以及在胞外作用过程中发生的信号转导事件中起重要作用。稳定地转染贾第鞭毛虫的能力将使人们对其发育和代谢有更好的了解。对肠道寄生虫分离株的分子分型表明，大多数动物寄生虫与人类感染无关。对免疫学的洞察有助于确定IL-6在早期控制小鼠贾第鞭毛虫病中的作用，以及IgA在控制感染中的作用。对发展中地区营养不良儿童中贾第鞭毛虫病的进一步研究支持贾第虫在发育迟缓和认知障碍中的重要贡献作用。最后，使用抗原检测的新诊断试验正在评估中，一种新的药物硝唑尼特已在美国获得批准，用于治疗儿童贾第鞭毛虫病和隐孢子虫病。对贾第鞭毛虫生物学的研究将增加关于原生生物分化的知识，并将补充其他生物系统的研究。继续研究贾第虫在发展中地区慢性腹泻和营养不良中的作用，将有助于重点制定改善儿童生长和营养的战略。
Purpose of review Giardia intestinalis (syn. duodenalis or lamblia) is one of the most common intestinal parasites in the world, with an estimated 2.8×106 infections per year in humans, and it contributes to diarrhea and nutritional deficiencies in children in developing regions. The wide prevalence of Giardia and its unique place in evolutionary biology have led to ongoing research. Recent findings Research into the basic biology of Giardia has highlighted some of its unique properties as an ‘early-branching’ eukaryote. Although Giardia do not contain mitochondria, they have developed pathways to perform some mitochondrial functions. Investigations into encystation and excystation have identified new gene products that are important in cyst wall formation, and signal transduction events that occur during excystation. The ability to transfect Giardia stably will lead to an improved understanding of its development and metabolism. Molecular typing of G. intestinalis isolates indicates that most animal parasites are not associated with human infection. Insights into immunology have helped define the role of IL-6 in the early control of murine giardiasis, and the contributions of IgA in controlling infection. Further studies of giardiasis in poorly nourished children in developing regions supports an important contributing role of Giardia in stunting and cognitive impairment. Finally, new diagnostic assays using antigen detection are being evaluated and a new agent, nitazoxanide, has been approved in the USA for the treatment of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis in children. Summary Research into the biology of Giardia should increase knowledge about protist differentiation and will complement studies in other biological systems. Continued study of the role of Giardia in chronic diarrhea and malnutrition in developing regions will help focus strategies to improve childhood growth and nutrition.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Arisue, N;Sáchez, LB;Hashimoto, T
通讯作者：
Hashimoto, T
蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫基因组的序列调查。
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Smith,MW;Aley,SB;Sogin,M;Gillin,FD;Evans,GA
通讯作者：
Evans,GA
无线粒体原生生物兰氏贾第鞭毛虫的核心组蛋白。
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Wu,G;McArthur,AG;Fiser,A;Sali,A;Sogin,ML;Mllerm,M
通讯作者：
Mllerm,M