Objectively measured residential environment and self-reported health: a multilevel analysis of UK census data.
Objectively measured residential environment and self-reported health: a multilevel analysis of UK census data.
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客观测量的住宅环境和自我报告的健康：对英国人口普查数据的多层次分析。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0069045
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Palmer S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunstan F;Fone DL;Glickman M;Palmer S
人们对健康与居住环境质量之间的关系知之甚少。已知的情况往往是基于对环境的主观评估，而不是独立观察者的测量。因此，本研究的目的是确定自我报告的一般健康状况和客观评估的居住环境之间的关联。我们研究了居住在南威尔士777个社区的30，000多名18岁或以上的居民。建筑环境质量是由独立的观察员使用经过验证的工具，住宅环境评估工具（REAT），在单位邮政编码水平。英国人口普查局关于每个居民的数据，包括对评估自我报告的一般健康状况的问题的回答，与REAT评分有关。人口普查数据还载有关于所有答卷人的社会经济和人口特征的详细信息，并与威尔士多个残疾人指数挂钩。在调整个人特征和区域剥夺后，与生活在最高质量地区的受访者相比，居住在最差社区质量地区的受访者更有可能报告健康状况不佳（OR 1.36，95%置信区间1.22-1.49）。与健康状况不佳相关的特定邻里特征是身体不文明和居民如何维护其财产的措施。绿色空间的测量与自我报告的健康无关。这是第一次对这种联系进行全面的人口研究，结果表明，人们居住的邻近地区的质量，特别是居民对自己和邻居财产的行为方式，对健康的重要性。更好地了解因果关系的途径，使干预措施的发展，以提高邻里质量将提供显着的潜在健康收益。
Little is known about the association between health and the quality of the residential environment. What is known is often based on subjective assessments of the environment rather than on measurements by independent observers. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the association between self-reported general health and an objectively assessed measure of the residential environment. We studied over 30,000 residents aged 18 or over living in 777 neighbourhoods in south Wales. Built environment quality was measured by independent observers using a validated tool, the Residential Environment Assessment Tool (REAT), at unit postcode level. UK Census data on each resident, which included responses to a question which assessed self-reported general health, was linked to the REAT score. The Census data also contained detailed information on socio-economic and demographic characteristics of all respondents and was also linked to the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation. After adjusting for both the individual characteristics and area deprivation, respondents in the areas of poorest neighbourhood quality were more likely to report poor health compared to those living in areas of highest quality (OR 1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.22–1.49). The particular neighbourhood characteristics associated with poor health were physical incivilities and measures of how well the residents maintained their properties. Measures of green space were not associated with self-reported health. This is the first full population study to examine such associations and the results demonstrate the importance for health of the quality of the neighbourhood area in which people live and particularly the way in which residents behave towards their own and their neighbours’ property. A better understanding of causal pathways that allows the development of interventions to improve neighbourhood quality would offer significant potential health gains.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Burton EJ;Mitchell L;Stride CB
通讯作者：
Stride CB
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Fone, David;Dunstan, Frank;Palmer, Stephen
通讯作者：
Palmer, Stephen
DOI：
10.1068/b3038
发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-PLANNING & DESIGN
影响因子：
--
作者：
Burton, E;Weich, S;Prince, M
通讯作者：
Prince, M
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Brownson, Ross C.;Hoehner, Christine M.;Day, Kristen;Forsyth, Ann;Sallis, James F.
通讯作者：
Sallis, James F.
DOI：
10.1093/jurban/jtg063
发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Evans, GW
通讯作者：
Evans, GW