Saccade-vergence interactions in humans.
Saccade-vergence interactions in humans.
复制标题
人类的眼跳-聚散相互作用。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1992.68.5.1624
复制
发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Optican,LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zee,DS;Fitzgibbon,EJ;Optican,LM
1. 我们记录了四个正常人在注视目标时的眼球运动，这些眼球运动需要扫视和收敛的各种组合。我们证实并扩展了先前的观察结果：1)纯水平扫视（相对发散后相对收敛）和纯垂直扫视（通常向上发散，向下扫视收敛）期间水平眼线的短暂变化；2)偶有高频（20- 25hz），沿与主眼跳正交的轴共轭振荡；(3)水平和垂直跳跃对水平辐合的加速作用。2. 为了解释这些发现，我们提出了一个假设，即在有或没有相关扫视的情况下，目标深度的阶跃变化会产生收敛。该假说的基本特征是：1)纯水平扫视时眼水平线的短暂变化反映了外直肌和内直肌力学特性的不对称，导致内收滞后外展；2)神经网络以期望的收敛位置变化作为输入命令，利用瞬时收敛电机误差（期望变化与实际收敛变化的差值）驱动收敛前驱神经元，产生响应目标深度阶跃变化的纯收敛运动；3)跳眼对水平收敛的促进是由中央前运动回路的非线性相互作用引起的。3. 针对目标深度阶跃变化产生纯收敛的假设网络在结构上类似于用于生成跳跳的局部反馈模型，并且具有相同的概念吸引力。该模型假设单个非线性描述了收敛电机误差信号与产生启动器收敛速度命令的神经元输出之间的关系，该模型生成的纯收敛运动具有峰值速度-幅度关系和与实验数据密切匹配的轨迹。4. 当跳跃和收敛相结合时，提出了几种类型的中心非线性相互作用模型。所有模型的共同点是，全向暂停神经元（OPN）被认为对眼跳爆发神经元的活动进行抑制，也对眼跳相关收敛的活动进行抑制。在一个模型中，我们假设存在一类单独的与扫视相关的收敛爆发神经元，这些神经元仅在扫视期间产生运动前水平收敛命令。在第二个模型中，我们假设分离的右眼和左眼的跳突神经元不仅接收共轭，而且接收相等但相反方向的收敛误差信号。（摘要删节为400字）
1. We recorded eye movements in four normal human subjects during refixations between targets calling for various combinations of saccades and vergence. We confirmed and extended prior observations of 1) transient changes in horizontal ocular alignment during both pure horizontal saccades (relative divergence followed by relative convergence) and pure vertical saccades (usually divergence for upward and convergence for downward saccades); 2) occasional, high-frequency (20-25 Hz), conjugate oscillations along the axis orthogonal to the main saccade; and 3) the speeding up of horizontal vergence by both horizontal and vertical saccades. 2. To interpret these findings, we developed a hypothesis for the generation of vergence to step changes in target depth, both with and without associated saccades. The essential features of this hypothesis are 1) the transient changes in horizontal ocular alignment during pure horizontal saccades reflect asymmetries in the mechanical properties of the lateral and medial rectus muscles causing adduction to lag abduction; 2) pure vergence movements in response to step changes in target depth are generated by a neural network that uses a desired change in vergence position as its input command and instantaneous vergence motor error (the difference between the desired change and the actual change in vergence) to drive vergence premoter neurons; and 3) the facilitation of horizontal vergence by saccades arises from nonlinear interactions in central premotor circuits. 3. The hypothetical network for generating pure vergence to step changes in target depth is analogous in structure to the local feedback model for the generation of saccades and has the same conceptual appeal. With the assumption of a single nonlinearity describing the relationship between a vergence motor error signal and the output of the neurons that generate promoter vergence velocity commands, this model generates pure vergence movements with peak velocity-amplitude relationships and trajectories that closely match those of experimental data. 4. Several types of models are proposed for the central, nonlinear interaction that occurs when saccades and vergence are combined. Common to all models is the idea that omnidirectional pause neurons (OPN), which are thought to gate activity for saccade burst neurons, also gate activity for saccade-related vergence. In one model we hypothesize the existence of a separate class of saccade-related vergence burst neurons, which generate premotor horizontal vergence commands but only during saccades. In a second model we hypothesize separate right eye and left eye saccadic burst neurons that receive not only conjugate, but also equal but oppositely directed vergence error signals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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会聚-回缩性眼球震颤中的反向内收眼震：侧裂导水管综合征患者。
DOI：
10.1093/brain/102.3.497
发表时间：
1979
期刊：
Brain : a journal of neurology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Alfred L. Ochs;Lawrence Stark;W. F. Hoyt;Donald D' Amico
通讯作者：
Donald D' Amico
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
OPTICAN, LM;MILES, FA
通讯作者：
MILES, FA
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
ENRIGHT, JT
通讯作者：
ENRIGHT, JT
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
ONO, H;NAKAMIZO, S;STEINBACH, MJ
通讯作者：
STEINBACH, MJ
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
USUI, S;AMIDROR, I
通讯作者：
AMIDROR, I