Immune Response and Evasion Mechanisms of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites.
Immune Response and Evasion Mechanisms of Plasmodium falciparum Parasites.
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DOI：
10.1155/2018/6529681
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Belachew EB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belachew EB
疟疾每年造成约2.12亿例病例和42.9万人死亡。恶性疟原虫造成的死亡占绝大多数（99%）。恶性疟原虫的毒力主要与免疫应答逃避能力有关。它有不同的机制来逃避按蚊和人类宿主的免疫反应。蚊子的免疫逃避机制主要依赖于抑制Janus激酶激活的Pfs47基因。宿主补体因子还可保护按蚊中肠细胞外配子的人类补体免疫攻击。在人类宿主中，逃避主要是由于抗原变异、多态性和隔离。在红细胞前期诱导Kupffer细胞凋亡，在红细胞期通过血色素干扰巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。红细胞表面缺乏主要组织相容性复合物- i分子的表达也避免了CD8+ T细胞的识别。补体蛋白允许寄生虫进入红细胞。细胞内存活也有助于疟原虫的逃逸。疟疾病媒和人类宿主的入侵、逃避和免疫反应机制是设计合适疫苗的关键。因此，在疟疾寄生虫的不同阶段参与的受体和配体应该被阐明。
Malaria causes approximately 212 million cases and 429 thousand deaths annually. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for the vast majority of deaths (99%) than others. The virulence of P. falciparum is mostly associated with immune response-evading ability. It has different mechanisms to evade both Anopheles mosquito and human host immune responses. Immune-evading mechanisms in mosquito depend mainly on the Pfs47 gene that inhibits Janus kinase-mediated activation. Host complement factor also protects human complement immune attack of extracellular gametes in Anopheles mosquito midgut. In the human host, evasion largely results from antigenic variation, polymorphism, and sequestration. They also induce Kupffer cell apoptosis at the preerythrocytic stage and interfere with phagocytic functions of macrophage by hemozoin in the erythrocytic stage. Lack of major histocompatibility complex-I molecule expression on the surface red blood cells also avoids recognition by CD8+ T cells. Complement proteins could allow for the entry of parasite into the red blood cell. Intracellular survival also assists the escape of malarial parasite. Invading, evading, and immune response mechanisms both in malaria vector and human host are critical to design appropriate vaccine. As a result, the receptors and ligands involved in different stages of malaria parasites should be elucidated.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Mondal D;Ghosh P;Khan MA;Hossain F;Böhlken-Fascher S;Matlashewski G;Kroeger A;Olliaro P;Abd El Wahed A
通讯作者：
Abd El Wahed A
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Clayton AM;Dong Y;Dimopoulos G
通讯作者：
Dimopoulos G
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Gomes PS;Bhardwaj J;Rivera-Correa J;Freire-De-Lima CG;Morrot A
通讯作者：
Morrot A
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Dennison, Nathan J.;BenMarzouk-Hidalgo, Omar J.;Dimopoulos, George
通讯作者：
Dimopoulos, George
影响因子：
30.3
作者：
Risco-Castillo, Veronica;Topcu, Selma;Silvie, Olivier
通讯作者：
Silvie, Olivier