Age-associated reduction of asymmetry in prefrontal function and preservation of conceptual repetition priming.
Age-associated reduction of asymmetry in prefrontal function and preservation of conceptual repetition priming.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.019
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Fleischman DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergerbest D;Gabrieli JD;Whitfield-Gabrieli S;Kim H;Stebbins GT;Bennett DA;Fleischman DA
与年轻人的单侧激活相比，老年人在执行与年龄相关的认知障碍领域的任务时，通常表现出双侧大脑激活，如情景记忆和工作记忆。对于与认知领域的表现相关的激活，人们知之甚少，这些领域通常不会受到健康衰老的影响。我们使用事件相关的功能磁共振成像来检查大脑激活中与年龄相关的模式，这种模式与一种内隐记忆-重复启动有关，这种记忆通常在健康衰老时被保存下来。在一个研究阶段，16名年轻人和15名非精神错乱的老年人对单个单词进行了语义判断(抽象/具体)。在测试阶段，对重复单词和新单词做出了相同的判断。年轻人和老年人从重复的语义分类中表现出相似的反应时间优势(重复启动)。在两组中，重复启动都与重复相关的前额叶激活减少有关，但激活模式在两组之间有所不同。两组患者在左侧前额叶背侧皮质(LIPFC)表现出相似的激活减少，但老年人在腹侧和前部LIPFC的激活减少程度低于年轻人。激活减少仅限于年轻人的左侧，而老年人在右侧额叶皮质的多个区域表现出额外的减少。老年人右侧前额叶激活的减少与更好的重复启动和在语义加工的独立测试中更好的表现相关。因此，健康衰老中前额叶激活减少的不对称性减少与概念重复启动有关，概念重复启动是一种在衰老中幸免于难的学习形式，也与语义记忆的保守有关。
Older adults often show bilateral brain activation, compared to unilateral activation in younger adults, when performing tasks in domains of age-associated cognitive impairment, such as episodic and working memory. Less is known about activation associated with performance in cognitive domains that are typically unaffected by healthy aging. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine age-related patterns in brain activation associated with a form of implicit memory, repetition priming, which is typically preserved in healthy aging. Sixteen younger adults and 15 nondemented older adults performed semantic judgments (abstract/concrete) on single words in a study phase. In a test phase, identical judgments were made for repeated and new words. Younger and older adults showed similar response-time benefits (repetition priming) from repeated semantic classification. Repetition priming was associated with repetition-related reductions of prefrontal activation in both groups, but the patterns of activation differed between groups. Both groups showed similar activation reductions in dorsal left inferior prefrontal cortex (LIPFC), but older adults showed less reduction than younger adults in ventral and anterior LIPFC. Activation reductions were exclusively left-lateralized for younger adults, whereas older adults showed additional reductions in multiple regions of right frontal cortices. Right prefrontal activation reductions in older adults correlated with better repetition priming and better performance on independent tests of semantic processing. Thus, reduced asymmetry of prefrontal activation reductions in healthy aging was related to conceptual repetition priming, a form of learning that is spared in aging, and with the sparing of semantic memory.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.3.906
发表时间：
1998-02-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gabrieli, JDE;Poldrack, RA;Desmond, JE
通讯作者：
Desmond, JE
DOI：
10.1080/01688639308402591
发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
COOPER, JA;SAGAR, HJ
通讯作者：
SAGAR, HJ
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Buckner, RL;Koutstaal, W;Rosen, BR
通讯作者：
Rosen, BR
DOI：
10.3758/bf03204507
发表时间：
1993-05-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
COHEN, J;MACWHINNEY, B;PROVOST, J
通讯作者：
PROVOST, J
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5371(72)80001-x
发表时间：
1972-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VERBAL LEARNING AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
CRAIK, FIM;LOCKHART, RS
通讯作者：
LOCKHART, RS