Illuminating inequality in access: Variation in enrollment in undergraduate engineering programs across Virginia's high schools
Illuminating inequality in access: Variation in enrollment in undergraduate engineering programs across Virginia's high schools
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揭示入学机会的不平等：弗吉尼亚州高中本科工程课程入学率的差异
DOI：
10.1002/jee.20352
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Carrico, Cheryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knight, David B.;Grohs, Jacob R.;Bradburn, Isabel S.;Kinoshita, Timothy J.;Vaziri, Stacey;M. Matusovich, Holly;Carrico, Cheryl
背景确定工程学中不同亚群持续代表性不足的根本原因仍然是一个持续的挑战。由于资源分布的地点差异不是随机的，而且学校和社区环境影响高中成绩，因此在扩大参与研究时，考虑这些环境的差异应该是至关重要的。目的/假设本研究从工程类招生的宏观系统角度来理解一个州公立高中工程类录取率的差异。设计/方法本研究使用弗吉尼亚州纵向数据系统的数据集，其中包括弗吉尼亚州一所公立学校2007至2014年完成高中学业的所有学生(N=685,429)。我们探索了四年制工科本科招生中的地理差异，作为性别、种族/民族和经济弱势地位的函数。此外，我们使用回归分析来调查高中和社区环境的特征与弗吉尼亚州高中本科工科招生的关系。结果我们的发现阐明了高中四年制机构工科项目招生的性别、种族和社会经济地位(以及这些人口统计数据之间的交集)的不平等。在四年制大专院校就读的学生中，不同的高中有不同的工科入学率。我们发现高中工科入学率与四年制院校入学率之间存在较强的相关性，而高中社区社会经济状况与高中的社会经济地位之间存在适度的关联。我们展示了国家纵向数据系统可以在工程教育研究中阐明的见解。
BackgroundDetermining the root causes of persistent underrepresentation of different subpopulations in engineering remains a continued challenge. Because place‐based variation of resource distribution is not random and because school and community contexts influence high school outcomes, considering variation across those contexts should be paramount in broadening participation research.Purpose/HypothesisThis study takes a macroscopic systems view of engineering enrollments to understand variation across one state's public high school rates of engineering matriculation.Design/MethodThis study uses a dataset from the Virginia Longitudinal Data System that includes all students who completed high school from a Virginia public school from 2007 to 2014 (N= 685,429). We explore geographic variation in four‐year undergraduate engineering enrollment as a function of gender, race/ethnicity, and economically disadvantaged status. Additionally, we investigate the relationship between characteristics of the high school and community contexts and undergraduate engineering enrollment across Virginia's high schools using regression analysis.ResultsOur findings illuminate inequality in enrollment in engineering programs at four‐year institutions across high schools by gender, race, and socioeconomic status (and the intersections among those demographics). Different high schools have different engineering enrollment rates among students who attend four‐year postsecondary institutions. We show strong associations between high schools' engineering enrollment rates and four‐year institution enrollment rates as well as moderate associations for high schools' community socioeconomic status.ConclusionsStrong systemic forces need to be overcome to broaden participation in engineering. We demonstrate the insights that state longitudinal data systems can illuminate in engineering education research.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Vincent J. Roscigno;Martha L. Crowle
通讯作者：
Martha L. Crowle
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Roger C. Shouse
通讯作者：
Roger C. Shouse
学习领域的性别隔离：大学时期的趋势。
DOI：
10.2307/1981478
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
The Journal of Higher Education
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Jacobs
通讯作者：
J. Jacobs
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Loeb;S. Dynarski;Daniel A. McFarland;P. Morris;Sean F. Reardon;Sarah J. Reber
通讯作者：
Sarah J. Reber
工程项目的持久性、参与性和迁移
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Ohland;S. Sheppard;Gary Lichtenstein;O. Eris;D. Chachra;R. Layton
通讯作者：
R. Layton