Graphene as a subnanometre trans-electrode membrane.
Graphene as a subnanometre trans-electrode membrane.
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作者：
隔离的原子级薄石墨导电膜，称为石墨烯，最近一直是激烈研究的主题，希望在从电子到能源科学等领域的实际应用将会出现。在这里，我们展示了当浸入离子溶液中时，石墨烯层变成了一种新的电化学结构，我们称之为反式电极。跨电极的独特性质是其两个相对的液-固界面的原子尺度接近性以及石墨烯的众所周知的面内导电性的结果。我们发现，几个跨电极的性能揭示了CVD生长的石墨烯膜上的离子电导测量，分离两个水离子溶液。虽然我们的膜只有一到两个原子层厚，但我们发现它们是显著的离子绝缘体，具有非常小的稳定电导，这取决于溶液中的离子种类。对其中钻有单个纳米孔的石墨烯膜的电学测量表明，该膜的有效绝缘厚度小于1纳米。这种小的有效厚度使得石墨烯成为非常高分辨率、高通量的基于纳米孔的单分子检测器的理想基底。石墨烯的面内电子电导率对其直接表面环境的敏感性，受跨电极电位的影响，将为原子表面过程和传感器开发机会提供新的见解。
Isolated, atomically thin conducting membranes of graphite, called graphene, have recently been the subject of intense research with the hope that practical applications in fields ranging from electronics to energy science will emerge. Here, we show that when immersed in ionic solution, a layer of graphene becomes a new electrochemical structure we call a trans-electrode. The trans-electrode's unique properties are the consequence of the atomic scale proximity of its two opposing liquid-solid interfaces together with graphene's well known in-plane conductivity. We show that several trans-electrode properties are revealed by ionic conductance measurements on a CVD grown graphene membrane that separates two aqueous ionic solutions. Although our membranes are only one to two atomic layers thick, we find they are remarkable ionic insulators with a very small stable conductance that depends on the ion species in solution. Electrical measurements on graphene membranes in which a single nanopore has been drilled show that the membrane's effective insulating thickness is less than one nanometer. This small effective thickness makes graphene an ideal substrate for very high-resolution, high throughput nanopore-based single molecule detectors. The sensitivity of graphene's in-plane electronic conductivity to its immediate surface environment, as influenced by trans-electrode potential, will offer new insights into atomic surface processes and sensor development opportunities.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Holt, JK;Park, HG;Bakajin, O
通讯作者：
Bakajin, O
影响因子：
41.2
作者：
Li, JL;Gershow, M;Golovchenko, JA
通讯作者：
Golovchenko, JA
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.24.13770
发表时间：
1996-11-26
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Kasianowicz, JJ;Brandin, E;Deamer, DW
通讯作者：
Deamer, DW
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Hall, J E
通讯作者：
Hall, J E
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Hoogerheide DP;Garaj S;Golovchenko JA
通讯作者：
Golovchenko JA