Redrawing the Map of Global Capital Flows: The Role of Cross-Border Financing and Tax Havens

Redrawing the Map of Global Capital Flows: The Role of Cross-Border Financing and Tax Havens
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重新绘制全球资本流动地图:跨境融资和避税天堂的作用

DOI:
10.1093/qje/qjab014
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The Quarterly Journal of Economics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Schreger, Jesse
Schreger, Jesse
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Coppola, Antonio;Maggiori, Matteo;Neiman, Brent;Schreger, Jesse

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跨国公司通过外国子公司为自己融资,这些子公司通常是避税天堂的空壳公司,这在官方统计中掩盖了它们的真实经济位置。我们将避税天堂公司发行的交易证券与其发行人的最终母公司联系起来,并重述双边投资头寸,以更好地反映连接世界各国的金融联系。发达国家对大型新兴市场公司的双边证券投资比以前想象的要大得多。例如,美国的国民账户低估了美国在中国公司中的地位近6000亿美元。此外,我们还展示了避税天堂的离岸发行如何影响我们对外部投资组合负债的货币构成和外国直接投资性质的理解。最后,我们提供了双边投资头寸的额外重述,包括基于销售地理分布的重述。
Global firms finance themselves through foreign subsidiaries, often shell companies in tax havens, which obscures their true economic location in official statistics. We associate the universe of traded securities issued by firms in tax havens with their issuer's ultimate parent and restate bilateral investment positions to better reflect the financial linkages connecting countries around the world. Bilateral portfolio investment from developed countries to firms in large emerging markets is dramatically larger than previously thought. The national accounts of the United States, for example, understate the U.S. position in Chinese firms by nearly $600 billion. Further, we demonstrate how offshore issuance in tax havens affects our understanding of the currency composition of external portfolio liabilities and the nature of foreign direct investment. Finally, we provide additional restatements of bilateral investment positions, including one based on the geographic distribution of sales.
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