Organelle Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Novel Alloplasmic Male Sterility with orf112 in Brassica oleracea L.
Organelle Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Novel Alloplasmic Male Sterility with orf112 in Brassica oleracea L.
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细胞器比较基因组分析揭示了甘蓝中 orf112 的新型异质雄性不育性。
DOI：
10.3390/ijms222413230
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发表时间：
2021-12-08
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Zhang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen L;Ren W;Zhang B;Chen W;Fang Z;Yang L;Zhuang M;Lv H;Wang Y;Ji J;Zhang Y
B。甘蓝OguraCMS是通过种间杂交和原生质体融合从萝卜中引进的异质雄性不育系。外源细胞质的导入导致了许多不良性状的产生，影响了杂种的产量。因此，有必要鉴定B中外源细胞质的组成，降低其含量。甘蓝Ogura CMS本研究对Ogura CMS甘蓝及其保持系的细胞器基因组进行了测序、组装和比较。Ogura型甘蓝的叶绿体基因组完全来源于正常型甘蓝，而线粒体基因组则是由正常型甘蓝和Ogura型萝卜重组而成。在Ogura型甘蓝的线粒体基因组中发现了9个萝卜特有的区域，这9个区域的总长度为35，618 bp，占线粒体基因组的13.84%。根据这9个区域的序列设计了32个异质标记，在305份材料中发现了一个异源细胞质较少的新不育源，命名为Bel CMS。Bel CMS中外源细胞质的大小为21, 587 bp，占mtDNA的8.93%，远小于Ogura CMS。最重要的是，在Bel CMS中，不育基因orf 138被orf 112所取代，orf 112具有78-bp的缺失。有趣的是，Bel CMS甘蓝也保持100%不育，尽管orf 112比orf 138少26个氨基酸。田间表型观察表明，Bel CMS不育性稳定，100%不育，开花初期无枯芽，是一个优良的不育源，可替代Ogura CMS用于甘蓝杂种优势利用。
B. oleracea Ogura CMS is an alloplasmic male-sterile line introduced from radish by interspecific hybridization and protoplast fusion. The introduction of alien cytoplasm resulted in many undesirable traits, which affected the yield of hybrids. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the composition and reduce the content of alien cytoplasm in B. oleracea Ogura CMS. In the present study, we sequenced, assembled, and compared the organelle genomes of Ogura CMS cabbage and its maintainer line. The chloroplast genome of Ogura-type cabbage was completely derived from normal-type cabbage, whereas the mitochondrial genome was recombined from normal-type cabbage and Ogura-type radish. Nine unique regions derived from radish were identified in the mitochondrial genome of Ogura-type cabbage, and the total length of these nine regions was 35,618 bp, accounting for 13.84% of the mitochondrial genome. Using 32 alloplasmic markers designed according to the sequences of these nine regions, one novel sterile source with less alien cytoplasm was discovered among 305 materials and named Bel CMS. The size of the alien cytoplasm in Bel CMS was 21,587 bp, accounting for 8.93% of its mtDNA, which was much less than that in Ogura CMS. Most importantly, the sterility gene orf138 was replaced by orf112, which had a 78-bp deletion, in Bel CMS. Interestingly, Bel CMS cabbage also maintained 100% sterility, although orf112 had 26 fewer amino acids than orf138. Field phenotypic observation showed that Bel CMS was an excellent sterile source with stable 100% sterility and no withered buds at the early flowering stage, which could replace Ogura CMS in cabbage heterosis utilization.
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