Lineage tracing in human tissues.

Lineage tracing in human tissues.
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人体组织中的谱系追踪。

DOI:
10.1002/path.5911
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发表时间:
2022-07
期刊:
The Journal of pathology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
其他
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支撑人体内动态平衡的细胞分裂的动态过程不能在体内直接观察到,而是可以从个体一生中组织中积累的体细胞遗传或表观遗传突变的模式中测量到。由于体细胞突变是可遗传的,它们可以作为描绘克隆扩张的自然谱系追踪标记。对体细胞克隆大小分布的数学分析提供了细胞出生率、死亡率和更新率的定量读数。在这篇综述中,我们探索了在人类组织中用于谱系追踪的广泛的体细胞突变类型,介绍了用于从这些克隆大小数据中推断动态信息的数学概念,并讨论了这种谱系追踪方法对我们理解动态平衡和癌症发展的见解。我们用人类的结肠作为一个特别有教育意义的样本组织。人类体细胞动力学有着丰富的历史,悄悄地被写入细胞基因组,这是由于测序和仔细的数学分析谱系追踪数据的进步而被揭开的。©2022作者。《病理学杂志》由John Wiley&Sons Ltd代表大不列颠和爱尔兰病理学会出版。
The dynamical process of cell division that underpins homeostasis in the human body cannot be directly observed in vivo, but instead is measurable from the pattern of somatic genetic or epigenetic mutations that accrue in tissues over an individual's lifetime. Because somatic mutations are heritable, they serve as natural lineage tracing markers that delineate clonal expansions. Mathematical analysis of the distribution of somatic clone sizes gives a quantitative readout of the rates of cell birth, death, and replacement. In this review we explore the broad range of somatic mutation types that have been used for lineage tracing in human tissues, introduce the mathematical concepts used to infer dynamical information from these clone size data, and discuss the insights of this lineage tracing approach for our understanding of homeostasis and cancer development. We use the human colon as a particularly instructive exemplar tissue. There is a rich history of human somatic cell dynamics surreptitiously written into the cell genomes that is being uncovered by advances in sequencing and careful mathematical analysis lineage of tracing data. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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