3D genome, on repeat: Higher-order folding principles of the heterochromatinized repetitive genome.

3D genome, on repeat: Higher-order folding principles of the heterochromatinized repetitive genome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.052
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发表时间:
2022-07-21
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Phillips-Cremins, Jennifer E.
Phillips-Cremins, Jennifer E.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Haws, Spencer A.;Simandi, Zoltan;Barnett, R. Jordan;Phillips-Cremins, Jennifer E.

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人类基因组的近一半由不同的重复序列组成,从卫星重复到反转录转座元件。这样的序列容易受到逐步扩张、复制、倒置和重组事件的影响,这些事件可能会损害基因组功能。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了分区和环挤出的高阶折叠机制,以及它们是如何形成异染色质的,以及它们是如何被异染色质塑造的。主要使用哺乳动物模型系统,我们对比了H3K9me3介导的重复基因组异染色质化的机制,并强调了重复元件和染色质折叠之间的新联系。
Nearly half of the human genome is comprised of diverse repetitive sequences ranging from satellite repeats to retrotransposable elements. Such sequences are susceptible to stepwise expansions, duplications, inversions, and recombination events which can compromise genome function. In this review, we discuss the higher-order folding mechanisms of compartmentalization and loop extrusion and how they shape, and are shaped by, heterochromatin. Using primarily mammalian model systems, we contrast mechanisms governing H3K9me3-mediated heterochromatinization of the repetitive genome and highlight emerging links between repetitive elements and chromatin folding.
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