Direct observation of TALE protein dynamics reveals a two-state search mechanism.

Direct observation of TALE protein dynamics reveals a two-state search mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms8277
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发表时间:
2015-06-01
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Schroeder, Charles M.
Schroeder, Charles M.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cuculis, Luke;Abil, Zhanar;Zhao, Huimin;Schroeder, Charles M.

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类转录激活因子效应 (TALE) 蛋白是一类可编程 DNA 结合蛋白,其控制搜索过程的基本机制尚未完全了解。在这里,我们使用单分子技术直接观察沿着 DNA 模板的 TALE 搜索动态。我们发现 TALE 蛋白能够利用滑动和跳跃行为的组合沿着 DNA 快速扩散,这表明 TALE 搜索过程部分受到促进扩散的控制。我们还观察到 TALE 蛋白在搜索过程中表现出两种不同的作用模式——搜索状态和识别状态——由单体 TALE 蛋白中的不同子结构域促进。使用TALE截短突变体,我们进一步证明TALE的N端区域是初始非特异性结合和随后沿着DNA的快速搜索所必需的,而中央重复结构域是转变为位点特异性识别状态所必需的。 TALE 是可编程的 DNA 结合蛋白,在基因组工程和合成生物学中具有实际用途。在这里,作者使用单分子荧光显微镜来确定 TALE 蛋白在序列特异性靶标搜索过程中使用两种不同的 DNA 相互作用模式发挥作用。
Transcription activator-like effector (TALE) proteins are a class of programmable DNA-binding proteins for which the fundamental mechanisms governing the search process are not fully understood. Here we use single-molecule techniques to directly observe TALE search dynamics along DNA templates. We find that TALE proteins are capable of rapid diffusion along DNA using a combination of sliding and hopping behaviour, which suggests that the TALE search process is governed in part by facilitated diffusion. We also observe that TALE proteins exhibit two distinct modes of action during the search process—a search state and a recognition state—facilitated by different subdomains in monomeric TALE proteins. Using TALE truncation mutants, we further demonstrate that the N-terminal region of TALEs is required for the initial non-specific binding and subsequent rapid search along DNA, whereas the central repeat domain is required for transitioning into the site-specific recognition state. TALEs are programmable DNA-binding proteins with practical use in genome engineering and synthetic biology. Here the authors use single-molecule fluorescence microscopy to establish that TALE proteins function using two distinct DNA-interaction modes during sequence-specific target search.
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