Potentiation of Recombinant NP and M1-Induced Cellular Immune Responses and Protection by Physical Radiofrequency Adjuvant.

Potentiation of Recombinant NP and M1-Induced Cellular Immune Responses and Protection by Physical Radiofrequency Adjuvant.
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重组NP和M1诱导的细胞免疫反应的增强以及通过物理射频辅助的保护。

DOI:
10.3390/vaccines9121382
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发表时间:
2021-11-24
期刊:
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Chen X
Chen X
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li Y;Li Z;Zhao Y;Chen X

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核蛋白(NP)和基质蛋白1 (M1)在甲型流感病毒中高度保守,已成为开发疫苗以引起交叉反应性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(ctl)的有吸引力的靶点。然而,外部抗原经常出现在主要组织相容性复合体II类分子上并引起体液免疫反应。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种物理射频佐剂(RFA)来帮助重组NP和M1引发有效的CTL反应。我们发现在RFA存在下重组NP/M1免疫可以引发有效的抗NP CTL,并对同源病毒攻击提供显著的保护,而单独NP/M1免疫不能引起显著的CTL反应或提供显著的保护。有趣的是,RFA未能引起有效的抗m1 CTL反应或抗np或抗m1抗体反应。与RFA不同的是,AddaVax佐剂可显著提高np特异性抗体反应,但不能提高ctl。在RFA或AddaVax存在的情况下,NP/M1免疫同样减少了体重减轻,而只有前者显著提高了生存率。我们进一步发现,在RFA存在的情况下,NP/M1免疫并没有显著增加血清IL-6释放(一种全身炎症介质),而是降低了增强免疫后的血清IL-6释放。在RFA存在的情况下,NP/M1免疫未引起明显的局部反应或升高小鼠体温。高效和安全性为进一步开发基于rfa的重组NP/M1疫苗提供了强有力的支持,以引发交叉保护免疫。
Nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix protein 1 (M1) are highly conserved among influenza A viruses and have been attractive targets to develop vaccines to elicit cross-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Yet, external antigens are often presented on major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and elicit humoral immune responses. In this study, we present a physical radiofrequency adjuvant (RFA) to assist recombinant NP and M1 to elicit potent CTL responses. We found recombinant NP/M1 immunization in the presence of RFA could elicit potent anti-NP CTLs and confer significant protection against homologous viral challenges, while NP/M1 immunization alone failed to elicit significant CTL responses or confer significant protection. Interestingly, RFA failed to elicit potent anti-M1 CTL responses or anti-NP or anti-M1 antibody responses. Different from RFA, AddaVax adjuvant was found to significantly increase NP-specific antibody responses but not CTLs. NP/M1 immunization in the presence of RFA or AddaVax similarly reduced body weight loss, while only the former significantly increased the survival. We further found NP/M1 immunization in the presence of RFA did not significantly increase serum IL-6 release (a systemic inflammatory mediator) and rather reduced serum IL-6 release after boost immunization. NP/M1 immunization in the presence of RFA did not induce significant local reactions or increase body temperature of mice. The high potency and safety strongly support further development of RFA-based recombinant NP/M1 vaccine to elicit cross-protective immunity.
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