A life history approach to delineating how harsh environments and hawk temperament traits differentially shape children's problem-solving skills.
A life history approach to delineating how harsh environments and hawk temperament traits differentially shape children's problem-solving skills.
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DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.12718
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cicchetti D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suor JH;Sturge-Apple ML;Davies PT;Cicchetti D
众所周知，恶劣的环境预示着儿童认知能力的缺陷。生活史理论（LHT）的方法挑战了这种解释，提出强调儿童的认知变得专业化，以解决问题的健身增强的方式。本研究的目的是研究早期环境恶劣和儿童的解决问题的结果之间的关联，在不同的生态相关性的任务。此外，我们利用进化模型的气质，进一步说明是否鹰的气质特征缓和这些协会。201对母子在孩子2岁和4岁时参加了一项前瞻性多方法研究。在2岁时，环境严酷性进行了评估，通过母亲的收入报告和母亲脱离观察期间的亲子互动任务。通过一系列不熟悉的事件来评估儿童的鹰气质特征。在4岁时，儿童的奖励导向和视觉问题解决进行了测量。路径分析显示，早期的环境严酷和儿童的鹰气质特征预测更糟糕的视觉解决问题。结果表明，儿童鹰型气质特征与环境严酷性在奖励导向问题解决上存在显著的双向交互作用。简单的斜率分析表明，环境恶劣对奖励导向解决问题的影响是特定于鹰特征水平较高的儿童的。研究结果表明，早期的经验，环境的严酷性和儿童鹰的气质特征塑造儿童的轨迹解决问题的环境适应的方式。
Harsh environments are known to predict deficits in children’s cognitive abilities. Life History Theory (LHT) approaches challenge this interpretation, proposing stressed children’s cognition becomes specialized to solve problems in fitness-enhancing ways. The goal of this study was to examine associations between early environmental harshness and children’s problem-solving outcomes across tasks varying in ecological relevance. In addition, we utilize an evolutionary model of temperament towards further specifying whether hawk temperament traits moderates these associations. Two hundred and one mother-child dyads participated in a prospective multi-method study when children were 2 and 4 years old. At age 2, environmental harshness was assessed via maternal report of earned income and observations of maternal disengagement during a parent-child interaction task. Children’s hawk temperament traits were assessed from a series of unfamiliar episodes. At age 4, children’s reward-oriented and visual problem-solving were measured. Path analyses revealed early environmental harshness and children’s hawk temperament traits predicted worse visual problem-solving. Results showed a significant two-way interaction between children’s hawk temperament traits and environmental harshness on reward-oriented problem-solving. Simple slope analyses revealed the effect of environmental harshness on reward-oriented problem-solving was specific to children with higher levels of hawk traits. Results suggest early experiences of environmental harshness and child hawk temperament traits shape children’s trajectories of problem-solving in an environment-fitting manner.
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DOI：
10.1080/10705519909540118
发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
6
作者：
Hu, Li-tze;Bentler, Peter M.
通讯作者：
Bentler, Peter M.
早期逆境对年轻人奖励加工的影响：EEG-FMRI是由25年以上的一项前瞻性研究引起的。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Boecker R;Holz NE;Buchmann AF;Blomeyer D;Plichta MM;Wolf I;Baumeister S;Meyer-Lindenberg A;Banaschewski T;Brandeis D;Laucht M
通讯作者：
Laucht M
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Frankenhuis, Willem E.;de Weerth, Carolina
通讯作者：
de Weerth, Carolina
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Jacobvitz, D;Hazen, N;Hitchens, K
通讯作者：
Hitchens, K
影响因子：
7
作者：
Enders, CK
通讯作者：
Enders, CK