Altered Resting-State Brain Activity in Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Compared With Non-psychiatric Controls: Commonalities and Distinctions Across Disorders.
Altered Resting-State Brain Activity in Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Compared With Non-psychiatric Controls: Commonalities and Distinctions Across Disorders.
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与非精神病对照相比，精神分裂症和强迫症患者静息态大脑活动的改变：各种疾病的共性和区别
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.681701
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Yue W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Y;Liao J;Li Q;Zhang X;Liu L;Yan J;Zhang D;Yan H;Yue W
背景：精神分裂症（SCZ）和强迫症（OCD）被归类为两种慢性精神疾病，共病率高且有共同的临床症状。在这两种疾病中都观察到皮质 - 纹状体神经回路内的自发性大脑活动异常。然而，尚不清楚静息状态下神经生物学基础是由共同的还是不同的神经异常所导致。
方法：从88例精神分裂症患者、58例强迫症患者和72例健康对照受试者中收集静息态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据。首先，我们检测三组之间低频波动幅度（ALFF）的差异。然后以显示不同ALFF的脑区作为种子进行静息态功能连接（rsFC）分析，以确定脑网络的变化。最后，我们检测了活动改变与临床症状之间的相关性。
结果：精神分裂症和强迫症患者均表现出右侧海马ALFF增加以及左侧后扣带回皮质（PCC）ALFF降低。精神分裂症患者左侧尾状核ALFF增加[体素水平的族错误率（FWE）P < 0.05]，且左侧尾状核与右侧小脑之间的rsFC降低，这与阳性症状相关。强迫症患者左侧尾状核与右侧丘脑以及双侧辅助运动复合体（SMC）之间的rsFC增加（聚类水平FWE P < 0.05）。
结论：海马和PCC是精神分裂症和强迫症中均呈现局部自发性神经元活动异常的共同区域，而纹状体的异常可反映出差异。纹状体中ALFF增加以及尾状核与小脑之间与症状相关的rsFC减弱显示出精神分裂症的特异性。尾状核与SMC之间rsFC增强可能是强迫症的一个关键特征。我们的研究从静息态fMRI的角度展示了这两种疾病之间的相似性和差异性，为理解疾病和寻找治疗方法提供了线索。
Backgrounds: Schizophrenia (SCZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are classified as two chronic psychiatric disorders with high comorbidity rate and shared clinical symptoms. Abnormal spontaneous brain activity within the cortical–striatal neural circuits has been observed in both disorders. However, it is unclear if the common or distinct neural abnormalities underlie the neurobiological substrates in the resting state. Methods: Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 88 patients with SCZ, 58 patients with OCD, and 72 healthy control subjects. First, we examined differences in amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) among three groups. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis with the brain region that showed different ALFF as the seed was then conducted to identify the changes in brain networks. Finally, we examined the correlation between the altered activities and clinical symptoms. Results: Both the patients with SCZ and OCD showed increased ALFF in the right hippocampus and decreased ALFF in the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). SCZ patients exhibited increased ALFF in the left caudate [voxel-level family-wise error (FWE) P < 0.05] and decreased rsFC between the left caudate and right cerebellum, which correlated with positive symptoms. The left caudate showed increased rsFC with the right thalamus and bilateral supplementary motor complex (SMC) in OCD patients (cluster-level FWE P < 0.05). Conclusions: The hippocampus and PCC are common regions presenting abnormal local spontaneous neuronal activities in both SCZ and OCD, while the abnormality of the striatum can reflect the differences. Increased ALFF in the striatum and symptom-related weakened rsFC between the caudate and cerebellum showed SCZ specificity. Enhanced rsFC between the caudate and SMC may be a key characteristic in OCD. Our research shows the similarities and differences between the two diseases from the perspective of resting-state fMRI, which provides clues to understand the disease and find methods for treatment.
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