Coordinated scaling of cortical and cerebellar numbers of neurons.
Coordinated scaling of cortical and cerebellar numbers of neurons.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnana.2010.00012
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Herculano-Houzel S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herculano-Houzel S
大脑越大，大脑皮质和小脑也越大，大脑皮质的相对大小随着大脑的大小而增加，而小脑的相对大小则不会。在缺乏这些结构中神经元数量的数据的情况下，这种差异被用来质疑大脑皮层和小脑功能和进化一致的假设，并支持进化中新皮质化的趋势。然而，解释大脑皮层和小脑的绝对和相对大小变化的基本原理依赖于一个假设，即它们反映了所有物种中这些结构中神经元的绝对和相对数量-我们最近的研究表明这一假设是有缺陷的。在这里，我第一次表明，大脑皮层和小脑中的神经元数量在包括人类在内的四个不同目的19种哺乳动物中直接相关，并且在Euliotyphla目的内部和之间以类似的方式一致增加。（食虫目），啮齿目，斯堪的纳维亚和灵长目，因此，在不同物种中，小脑中的神经元与大脑皮层中的每一个神经元的比例平均为3.6。皮质和小脑神经元数量的协调缩放提供了支持这些大脑结构协调功能、缩放和进化的直接证据，并表明将认知进步与新皮质扩张等同起来的常见概念应该重新考虑，而不是将新皮质和小脑作为一个功能整体进行协调缩放。
While larger brains possess concertedly larger cerebral cortices and cerebella, the relative size of the cerebral cortex increases with brain size, but relative cerebellar size does not. In the absence of data on numbers of neurons in these structures, this discrepancy has been used to dispute the hypothesis that the cerebral cortex and cerebellum function and have evolved in concert and to support a trend towards neocorticalization in evolution. However, the rationale for interpreting changes in absolute and relative size of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum relies on the assumption that they reflect absolute and relative numbers of neurons in these structures across all species – an assumption that our recent studies have shown to be flawed. Here I show for the first time that the numbers of neurons in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum are directly correlated across 19 mammalian species of four different orders, including humans, and increase concertedly in a similar fashion both within and across the orders Eulipotyphla (Insectivora), Rodentia, Scandentia and Primata, such that on average a ratio of 3.6 neurons in the cerebellum to every neuron in the cerebral cortex is maintained across species. This coordinated scaling of cortical and cerebellar numbers of neurons provides direct evidence in favor of concerted function, scaling and evolution of these brain structures, and suggests that the common notion that equates cognitive advancement with neocortical expansion should be revisited to consider in its stead the coordinated scaling of neocortex and cerebellum as a functional ensemble.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0611723104
发表时间：
2007-03-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Leingartner, Axel;Thuret, Sandrine;O'Leary, Dennis D. M.
通讯作者：
O'Leary, Dennis D. M.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Azevedo, Frederico A. C.;Carvalho, Ludmila R. B.;Herculano-Houzel, Suzana
通讯作者：
Herculano-Houzel, Suzana
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gittins, R;Harrison, PJ
通讯作者：
Harrison, PJ
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
HOFMAN, MA
通讯作者：
HOFMAN, MA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kozic, D
通讯作者：
Kozic, D