Female human iPSCs retain an inactive X chromosome.

Female human iPSCs retain an inactive X chromosome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.stem.2010.06.024
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发表时间:
2010-09-03
期刊:
影响因子:
23.9
通讯作者:
Plath K
Plath K
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tchieu J;Kuoy E;Chin MH;Trinh H;Patterson M;Sherman SP;Aimiuwu O;Lindgren A;Hakimian S;Zack JA;Clark AT;Pyle AD;Lowry WE;Plath K

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产生诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)需要大规模的表观基因组重组。目前还不清楚女性人类细胞的重编程是否会像小鼠一样重新激活失活的X染色体(Xi)。在此,我们确定了在标准培养条件下衍生自几种雌性成纤维细胞的人(h)iPSC携带Xi。尽管缺乏再活化,但Xi经历了确定的染色质变化,并且hiPSC的扩增可导致XIST RNA的部分损失。这些结果表明,hiPSC是表观遗传动态的,并且不显示如在一些女性人胚胎干细胞中发现的具有两个活性X的X失活的原始状态。此外,虽然成纤维细胞对于Xi是镶嵌的,但hiPSC对于Xi是克隆的。在分化后维持的雌性hiPSC中X染色体失活的这种非随机模式对临床应用和疾病建模具有关键意义,并且可以用于X连锁疾病的独特形式的基因治疗。
Generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) requires massive epigenome reorganization. It is unclear whether reprogramming of female human cells reactivates the inactive X chromosome (Xi), like in mouse. Here we establish that human (h)iPSCs derived from several female fibroblasts under standard culture conditions carry an Xi. Despite the lack of reactivation, the Xi undergoes defined chromatin changes, and expansion of hiPSCs can lead to partial loss of XIST RNA. These results indicate that hiPSCs are epigenetically dynamic and do not display a pristine state of X-inactivation with two active X’s as found in some female human embryonic stem cells. Furthermore, while fibroblasts are mosaic for the Xi, hiPSCs are clonal for the Xi. This non-random pattern of X chromosome inactivation in female hiPSCs, which is maintained upon differentiation, has critical implications for clinical applications and disease modeling, and could be exploited for a unique form of gene therapy for X-linked diseases.
小鼠中的剂量补偿平衡了X连锁基因的上调和沉默。
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