Combining Neural and Behavioral Indicators in the Assessment of Internalizing Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents
Combining Neural and Behavioral Indicators in the Assessment of Internalizing Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents
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结合神经和行为指标评估儿童和青少年内化精神病理学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
N. Schmidt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Moser;C. Durbin;C. Patrick;N. Schmidt
焦虑和情绪障碍是影响我们青年的最普遍的心理健康问题。我们建议，在这方面的评估和治疗工作可以受益于专注于发展敏感的神经行为特质结构，即，在整个生命周期的神经生物学和行为的直接参照的个体差异结构。这种方法与国家精神卫生研究所的研究领域标准倡议相一致，该倡议旨在通过描绘超越测量领域和传统诊断类别的功能维度来改善精神病理学的分类和治疗。我们强调两个神经行为维度与理解不同年龄的内化问题有明确的相关性：（a）防御反应和（B）认知控制。防御反应的个体差异被假定为反映大脑负价系统敏感性的变化，而认知控制的差异被理论化为反映致力于调节行为和影响的神经系统的变化。集中在这些目标结构，我们说明了一种心理神经测量方法来评估内化的精神病理学需要使用神经，自我报告和行为指标。我们解决的可行性的心理神经测量方法的临床应用和目前的结果，从一个试点研究表明预期协会的神经，家长的报告，和行为措施的防御反应和认知控制与内化症状的学龄前儿童。总之，我们的概念和实证分析突出了在实验室和临床上内化精神病理学的多方法，多维度评估的承诺。
Anxiety and mood disorders are among the most prevalent mental health problems affecting our youth. We propose that assessment and treatment efforts in this area can benefit from a focus on developmentally sensitive neurobehavioral trait constructs, that is, individual difference constructs with direct referents in both neurobiology and behavior across the lifespan. This approach dovetails with the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria initiative, which aims to improve classification and treatment of psychopathology by delineating dimensions of functioning that transcend measurement domains and traditional diagnostic categories. We highlight two neurobehavioral dimensions with clear relevance for understanding internalizing problems at differing ages: (a) defensive reactivity and (b) cognitive control. Individual differences in defensive reactivity are posited to reflect variations in sensitivity of the brain's negative valence systems, whereas differences in cognitive control are theorized to reflect variations in neural systems dedicated to regulating behavior and affect. Focusing on these target constructs, we illustrate a psychoneurometric approach to assessment of internalizing psychopathology entailing use of neural, self-report, and behavioral indicators. We address the feasibility of the psychoneurometric approach for clinical application and present results from a pilot study demonstrating expected associations for neural, parent-report, and behavioral measures of defensive reactivity and cognitive control with internalizing symptoms in preschoolers. Together, our conceptual and empirical analyses highlight the promise of multimethod, dimensional assessment of internalizing psychopathology in the lab and in the clinic.
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