Effects of Plasma Lipids and Statins on Cognitive Function.
Effects of Plasma Lipids and Statins on Cognitive Function.
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DOI：
10.4103/0366-6999.225062
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发表时间：
2018-02-20
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Xu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li R;Wang TJ;Lyu PY;Liu Y;Chen WH;Fan MY;Xu J
痴呆症是发达国家第四大常见死因。血脂与认知功能之间的关系是复杂而有争议的。由于人口预期寿命的增加，迫切需要控制血管风险因素，并确定预防和治疗认知障碍和痴呆症的疗法。本文就血脂和他汀类药物对认知功能的影响作一综述。我们检索了PubMed数据库中截至2017年11月发表的研究文章，关键词包括“血脂”、“高脂血症”、“高胆固醇血症”、“他汀类药物”和“认知功能”。检索并回顾了相关文献，分析了血脂和他汀类药物对认知功能的影响以及这些影响的机制。许多研究探讨了血脂和认知功能之间的关系，但不能得出明确的结论。所涉及的机制可能包括血脑屏障损伤、对脑中小血管的影响、对淀粉样蛋白沉积的影响和神经保护作用。迄今为止，大多数关于他汀类药物和认知的研究都是观察性的，很少有随机对照试验。因此，关于中期或长期使用他汀类药物是否会影响认知功能和痴呆症的确切结论仍然难以捉摸。然而，越来越多的人担心他汀类药物可能是认知问题的致病因素。这些不良反应似乎是罕见的，可能代表一个尚未被定义的易感个体的脆弱性。血浆脂质与认知之间的关联、血浆脂质对认知功能的影响机制以及他汀类药物与认知功能之间的关联是复杂的问题，目前尚未完全了解。未来的研究旨在确定血脂和他汀类药物对认知影响的机制，这不仅将为认知障碍和痴呆的原因和相互依赖性提供重要的见解，还将激发治疗和预防这些认知障碍的新策略。
Dementia is the fourth most common cause of death in developed countries. The relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function is complex and controversial. Due to the increasing life expectancy of the population, there is an urgent need to control vascular risk factors and to identify therapies to prevent and treat both cognitive impairment and dementia. Here, we reviewed the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognitive function. We searched the PubMed database for research articles published through November 2017 with key words including “plasma lipids,” “hyperlipidemia,” “hypercholesterolemia,” “statins,” and “cognition function.” Articles were retrieved and reviewed to analyze the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognitive function and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Many studies have examined the relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function, but no definitive conclusions can be drawn. The mechanisms involved may include blood-brain barrier injury, the influence on small blood vessels in the brain, the influence on amyloid deposition, and a neuroprotective effect. To date, most studies of statins and cognition have been observational, with few randomized controlled trials. Therefore, firm conclusions regarding whether mid- or long-term statin use affects cognition function and dementia remain elusive. However, increasing concern exists that statins may be a causative factor for cognitive problems. These adverse effects appear to be rare and likely represent a yet-to-be-defined vulnerability in susceptible individuals. The association between plasma lipids and cognition, the mechanism of the influence of plasma lipids on cognitive function, and the association between statins and cognitive function are complex issues and currently not fully understood. Future research aimed at identifying the mechanisms that underlie the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognition will not only provide important insight into the causes and interdependencies of cognitive impairment and dementia, but also inspire novel strategies for treating and preventing these cognitive disorders.
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