Population genomics of Bacillus anthracis from an anthrax hyperendemic area reveals transmission processes across spatial scales and unexpected within-host diversity.
Population genomics of Bacillus anthracis from an anthrax hyperendemic area reveals transmission processes across spatial scales and unexpected within-host diversity.
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DOI：
10.1099/mgen.0.000759
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Biek R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forde TL;Dennis TPW;Aminu OR;Harvey WT;Hassim A;Kiwelu I;Medvecky M;Mshanga D;Van Heerden H;Vogel A;Zadoks RN;Mmbaga BT;Lembo T;Biek R
基因组测序已经彻底改变了我们对细菌性疾病流行病学的理解，但在偏远的地方性环境中，对人畜共患病病原体的利用仍然不足。炭疽，由孢子形成细菌引起 炭疽杆菌仍然是中低收入国家人畜健康和农村生计的威胁。虽然全球基因组多样性 B。炭疽 虽然已经得到很好的表征，但关于其种群在传播发生的规模上如何遗传结构的信息有限，这对于了解病原体的演变和传播动态至关重要。使用一个独特的丰富的数据集，我们量化了73个基因组中的SNP， B。炭疽 来自坦桑尼亚恩戈罗恩戈罗保护区一年内33头牲畜尸体的分离株，该地区是炭疽病高发区。全基因组SNP区分了22种独特的 B。炭疽 研究区域内的基因型（即SNP图谱）。然而，缺乏明确的地理结构，因为在整个研究区域发现了相同的SNP谱，这可能是孢子休眠和长距离牲畜迁移的长期和可变时期的结果。值得注意的是，不同的基因型从时空联系的情况下，甚至个别尸体。我们的模拟模型支持，在感染过程中不太可能出现大量区分来自同一宿主的分离株的SNP。这表明， B。炭疽菌，其中包括多个变体的接种物是规范。我们的工作强调，推断的传播模式， B。炭疽 从基因组数据中获取的信息将需要采取分析方法，解释长期和可变的环境持久性以及合并感染。
Genomic sequencing has revolutionized our understanding of bacterial disease epidemiology, but remains underutilized for zoonotic pathogens in remote endemic settings. Anthrax, caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis , remains a threat to human and animal health and rural livelihoods in low- and middle-income countries. While the global genomic diversity of B. anthracis has been well-characterized, there is limited information on how its populations are genetically structured at the scale at which transmission occurs, critical for understanding the pathogen’s evolution and transmission dynamics. Using a uniquely rich dataset, we quantified genome-wide SNPs among 73 B. anthracis isolates derived from 33 livestock carcasses sampled over 1 year throughout the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania, a region hyperendemic for anthrax. Genome-wide SNPs distinguished 22 unique B. anthracis genotypes (i.e. SNP profiles) within the study area. However, phylogeographical structure was lacking, as identical SNP profiles were found throughout the study area, likely the result of the long and variable periods of spore dormancy and long-distance livestock movements. Significantly, divergent genotypes were obtained from spatio-temporally linked cases and even individual carcasses. The high number of SNPs distinguishing isolates from the same host is unlikely to have arisen during infection, as supported by our simulation models. This points to an unexpectedly wide transmission bottleneck for B. anthracis , with an inoculum comprising multiple variants being the norm. Our work highlights that inferring transmission patterns of B. anthracis from genomic data will require analytical approaches that account for extended and variable environmental persistence, as well as co-infection.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Aminu OR;Lembo T;Zadoks RN;Biek R;Lewis S;Kiwelu I;Mmbaga BT;Mshanga D;Shirima G;Denwood M;Forde TL
通讯作者：
Forde TL
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph16060954
发表时间：
2019-03-02
影响因子：
--
作者：
Blackburn, Jason K.;Ganz, Holly H.;Getz, Wayne M.
通讯作者：
Getz, Wayne M.
影响因子：
28.3
作者：
Carlson, Colin J.;Kracalik, Ian T.;Blackburn, Jason K.
通讯作者：
Blackburn, Jason K.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Girault G;Blouin Y;Vergnaud G;Derzelle S
通讯作者：
Derzelle S
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Connor TR;Loman NJ;Thompson S;Smith A;Southgate J;Poplawski R;Bull MJ;Richardson E;Ismail M;Thompson SE;Kitchen C;Guest M;Bakke M;Sheppard SK;Pallen MJ
通讯作者：
Pallen MJ