Impact of aging on the dynamics of memory retrieval: A time-course analysis.

Impact of aging on the dynamics of memory retrieval: A time-course analysis.
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衰老对记忆检索动态的影响:时间过程分析。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jml.2012.05.003
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Badre,David
Badre,David
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Oztekin,Ilke;Güngör,NurZeynep;Badre,David

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响应信号速度与准确性权衡(SAT)程序用于深入研究衰老对短期记忆检索动态的影响。研究对象中的年轻人和老年人按顺序呈现 3 项列表,然后立即进行识别探针。对复合列表和串行位置 SAT 功能的分析发现,整体准确性没有差异,但表明老年人的检索速度较慢。对最近负面事件(来自先前研究列表的诱饵)的误报分析显示,早期误报的时间或程度没有差异,这被认为反映了基于熟悉度的判断。然而,对于老年人来说,解决干扰所需的回忆处理的开始和积累速度较慢。这些发现表明,老年人在受控和回忆性检索操作方面存在选择性障碍,并进一步指出这种障碍主要是由于认知控制的延迟发生而可能与回忆信息的可用性减少有关。
The response-signal speed–accuracy trade-off (SAT) procedure was used to provide an in-depth investigation of the impact of aging on the dynamics of short-term memory retrieval. Young and older adults studied sequentially presented 3-item lists, immediately followed by a recognition probe. Analyses of composite list and serial position SAT functions found no differences in overall accuracy, but indicated slower retrieval speed for older adults. Analysis of false alarms to recent negatives (lures from the previous study list) revealed no differences in the timing or magnitude of early false alarms that are thought to reflect familiarity-based judgments. However, onset and accrual of recollective processing required for resolving interference was slower for older adults. These findings suggest that older adults have a selective impairment on controlled and recollective retrieval operations, and further specify this impairment to arise primarily from delayed onset of cognitive control potentially coupled with reduced availability of recollective information.
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