Invariant NKT cells: regulation and function during viral infection.
Invariant NKT cells: regulation and function during viral infection.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1002838
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Fowke KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Juno JA;Keynan Y;Fowke KR
自然杀伤T细胞(NKT细胞)是一种表达自然杀伤(NK)细胞表面标志的T淋巴细胞亚群。NKT细胞的一个亚群，称为不变NKT细胞(INKT)，表达高度限制性T细胞受体(TCR)，并对CD1d限制性脂质配体做出反应。INKT细胞现在被认为在连接先天免疫和获得性免疫反应中发挥重要作用，并与传染病、过敏、哮喘、自身免疫和肿瘤监测有关。在iNKT鉴定和纯化方面的进展使得详细研究iNKT在各种慢性和急性感染期间在人类和小鼠中的活性成为可能。比较非致病性猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)感染模型和慢性HIV感染患者的iNKT功能，表明iNKT活性在控制免疫激活中发挥作用。流感病毒感染的体外研究已经揭示了iNKT细胞的新的效应功能，包括IL-22的产生和调节髓系来源的抑制细胞，但缺乏对人iNKT细胞在流感感染过程中的体外表征。同样，最近的证据表明，iNKT参与了登革热病毒的发病机制，iNKT细胞可能调节对一些新出现的病原体的反应。这篇综述将总结目前关于iNKT在人类和小鼠模型中参与病毒感染反应的知识，并将确定知识中的关键差距和未来研究的机会。我们还将重点介绍最近利用iNKT配体作为疫苗佐剂的努力，这些佐剂能够改善疫苗诱导的细胞免疫反应。
Natural killer T cells (NKT cells) represent a subset of T lymphocytes that express natural killer (NK) cell surface markers. A subset of NKT cells, termed invariant NKT cells (iNKT), express a highly restricted T cell receptor (TCR) and respond to CD1d-restricted lipid ligands. iNKT cells are now appreciated to play an important role in linking innate and adaptive immune responses and have been implicated in infectious disease, allergy, asthma, autoimmunity, and tumor surveillance. Advances in iNKT identification and purification have allowed for the detailed study of iNKT activity in both humans and mice during a variety of chronic and acute infections. Comparison of iNKT function between non-pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection models and chronic HIV-infected patients implies a role for iNKT activity in controlling immune activation. In vitro studies of influenza infection have revealed novel effector functions of iNKT cells including IL-22 production and modulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, but ex vivo characterization of human iNKT cells during influenza infection are lacking. Similarly, as recent evidence suggests iNKT involvement in dengue virus pathogenesis, iNKT cells may modulate responses to a number of emerging pathogens. This Review will summarize current knowledge of iNKT involvement in responses to viral infections in both human and mouse models and will identify critical gaps in knowledge and opportunities for future study. We will also highlight recent efforts to harness iNKT ligands as vaccine adjuvants capable of improving vaccination-induced cellular immune responses.
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Chen, Xiuxu;Wang, Xiaohua;Gumperz, Jenny E.
通讯作者：
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不变的天然杀手T细胞识别微生物危险信号引起的脂质自抗原。
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