Child anxiety symptoms related to longitudinal cortisol trajectories and acute stress responses: evidence of developmental stress sensitization.
Child anxiety symptoms related to longitudinal cortisol trajectories and acute stress responses: evidence of developmental stress sensitization.
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DOI：
10.1037/abn0000009
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Fisher, Philip A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laurent, Heidemarie K.;Gilliam, Kathryn S.;Wright, Dorianne B.;Fisher, Philip A.
横断面研究表明，处于内化障碍风险中的个体表现出不同的应激敏感生理系统的激活水平和/或动态，可能反映了应激敏感化的过程。然而，很少有纵向研究来阐明这些系统随时间的发展如何与急性应激期间的激活相关，以及这种激活的各个方面如何映射到内化症状。我们通过跨越 6 年以上的 29 项评估，通过唾液皮质醇（早上和晚上的水平）调查了儿童 (n=107) 的昼夜下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺活动，以及与该时期末（9-10 岁）急性应激反应的相关纵向模式。还检查了与 10 岁时儿童精神症状的关联，以确定内化风险状况。评估中早晨皮质醇水平的增加预示着 9 岁时人际压力后皮质醇下降较少，而 10 岁时表现压力期间皮质醇水平较高。心理社会压力期间皮质醇的高和/或持续升高与儿童焦虑症状相关。结果表明，对压力的发育敏感性（反映在早晨皮质醇的升高和急性压力暴露期间最终的过度激活）可能会区分有内化障碍风险的儿童。
Cross-sectional research suggests that individuals at risk for internalizing disorders show differential activation levels and/or dynamics of stress-sensitive physiological systems, possibly reflecting a process of stress sensitization. However, there is little longitudinal research to clarify how the development of these systems over time relates to activation during acute stress, and how aspects of such activation map onto internalizing symptoms. We investigated children’s (n=107) diurnal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity via salivary cortisol (morning and evening levels) across 29 assessments spanning 6+ years, and related longitudinal patterns to acute stress responses at the end of this period (age 9–10). Associations with child psychiatric symptoms at age 10 were also examined to determine internalizing risk profiles. Increasing morning cortisol levels across assessments predicted less of a cortisol decline following interpersonal stress at age 9, and higher cortisol levels during performance stress at age 10. These same profiles of high and/or sustained cortisol elevation during psychosocial stress were associated with child anxiety symptoms. Results suggest developmental sensitization to stress—reflected in rising morning cortisol and eventual hyperactivation during acute stress exposure—may distinguish children at risk for internalizing disorders.
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