Posttraumatic stress disorder following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks: a review of the literature among highly exposed populations.
Posttraumatic stress disorder following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks: a review of the literature among highly exposed populations.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024791
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Adams BG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neria Y;DiGrande L;Adams BG
2001年9月11日（9/11）恐怖袭击的规模和后果是前所未有的。在袭击发生后，研究人员报告了广泛的心理和身体健康结果，其中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是最常见的研究。在这篇综述中，我们的目标是评估在9/11袭击后的前10年中高度暴露人群中PTSD的证据。我们进行了系统回顾。符合条件的研究包括基于完整的精神障碍诊断和统计手册（第4版，修订）在高度暴露人群中的PTSD标准，例如分别在纽约市和华盛顿的世界贸易中心（WTC）和五角大楼附近生活或工作的人群，以及第一反应者，包括救援，清洁和恢复工作人员。在过去十年中，9/11袭击后进行的大量研究表明，在高暴露于9/11的人群中，PTSD的负担是巨大的。与9/11相关的PTSD与广泛的相关因素有关，包括社会人口统计学和背景因素，事件暴露特征，重要他人的生命损失和社会支持因素。很少有研究采用纵向研究设计或临床评估，也没有研究报告9/11事件后6年的发现，因此阻碍了证实PTSD长期过程的记录。未来的研究方向进行了讨论。
The September 11, 2001 (9/11), terrorist attacks were unprecedented in their magnitude and aftermath. In the wake of the attacks, researchers reported a wide range of mental and physical health outcomes, with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) the one most commonly studied. In this review, we aim to assess the evidence about PTSD among highly exposed populations in the first 10 years after the 9/11 attacks. We performed a systematic review. Eligible studies included original reports based on the full Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., rev.) criteria of PTSD among highly exposed populations such as those living or working within close proximity to the World Trade Center (WTC) and the Pentagon in New York City and Washington, DC, respectively, and first responders, including rescue, cleaning, and recovery workers. The large body of research conducted after the 9/11 attacks in the past decade suggests that the burden of PTSD among persons with high exposure to 9/11 was substantial. PTSD that was 9/11-related was associated with a wide range of correlates, including sociodemographic and background factors, event exposure characteristics, loss of life of significant others, and social support factors. Few studies used longitudinal study design or clinical assessments, and no studies reported findings beyond six years post-9/11, thus hindering documentation of the long-term course of confirmed PTSD. Future directions for research are discussed.
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