Functional roles of three cutin biosynthetic acyltransferases in cytokinin responses and skotomorphogenesis.
Functional roles of three cutin biosynthetic acyltransferases in cytokinin responses and skotomorphogenesis.
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三种角质生物合成酰基转移酶在细胞分裂素反应和暗形态发生中的功能作用
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0121943
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Guo GQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu L;Zhou ZY;Zhang CG;Chai J;Zhou Q;Wang L;Hirnerová E;Mrvková M;Novák O;Guo GQ
细胞分裂素（CKs）通过双组分信号通路调节植物的发育和生长。通过正向遗传筛选，我们分离到了一个名为细胞分裂素1快速生长突变体（gfc 1）的拟南芥突变体，其幼苗在含CK的MS培养基上生长出更大的地上部分。GFC 1与先前报道的角质脊缺陷（DCR）角质突变体是等位基因。GFC 1/DCR编码一种可溶性BAHD酰基转移酶（名称基于该家族中表征的前四种酶：苯甲醇0-乙酰基转移酶、花青素0-羟基肉桂酰基转移酶、邻氨基苯甲酸N-羟基肉桂酰基/苯甲酰基转移酶和脱乙酰文多啉4- 0-乙酰基转移酶），其在体外具有二酰基甘油酰基转移酶（DGAT）活性，并且是体内表皮上正常角质层形成所必需的。在这里，我们表明，gfc 1是一个CK不敏感的突变体，揭示了其低再生频率在体外和抗性CK不定根形成和黑暗生长下胚轴抑制试验。此外，gfc 1在黑暗中有去黄化的表型，因此在skotomorphogenesis中有缺陷。大多数A型拟南芥反应调节因子（ARR）基因的背景表达水平在gfc 1突变体中较高。在角质缺陷型甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶4/8（gpat 4/8）双突变体[甘油-3-磷酸（G3 P）酰基转移酶GPAT 4和GPAT 8缺陷型，其冗余地催化羟基脂肪酸（OH-FA）对G3 P的酰化]中也观察到gfc 1相关表型，但在角质缺陷型突变型细胞色素p450，家族86，亚家族A，多肽2/第三型1（cyp 86 A2/att 1）的异常诱导，其影响一些OH-FA的生物合成。我们的研究结果表明，一些酰基转移酶与角质形成参与拟南芥的CK反应和skotomorphogenesis。
Cytokinins (CKs) regulate plant development and growth via a two-component signaling pathway. By forward genetic screening, we isolated an Arabidopsis mutant named grow fast on cytokinins 1 (gfc1), whose seedlings grew larger aerial parts on MS medium with CK. gfc1 is allelic to a previously reported cutin mutant defective in cuticular ridges (dcr). GFC1/DCR encodes a soluble BAHD acyltransferase (a name based on the first four enzymes characterized in this family: Benzylalcohol O-acetyltransferase, Anthocyanin O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase and Deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase) with diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) activity in vitro and is necessary for normal cuticle formation on epidermis in vivo. Here we show that gfc1 was a CK-insensitive mutant, as revealed by its low regeneration frequency in vitro and resistance to CK in adventitious root formation and dark-grown hypocotyl inhibition assays. In addition, gfc1 had de-etiolated phenotypes in darkness and was therefore defective in skotomorphogenesis. The background expression levels of most type-A Arabidopsis Response Regulator (ARR) genes were higher in the gfc1 mutant. The gfc1-associated phenotypes were also observed in the cutin-deficient glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4/8 (gpat4/8) double mutant [defective in glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) acyltransferase enzymes GPAT4 and GPAT8, which redundantly catalyze the acylation of G3P by hydroxyl fatty acid (OH-FA)], but not in the cutin-deficient mutant cytochrome p450, family 86, subfamily A, polypeptide 2/aberrant induction of type three 1 (cyp86A2/att1), which affects the biosynthesis of some OH-FAs. Our results indicate that some acyltransferases associated with cutin formation are involved in CK responses and skotomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis.
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