Enhancing and Extending Biological Performance and Resilience.
Enhancing and Extending Biological Performance and Resilience.
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DOI：
10.1177/1559325818784501
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Andersen ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leak RK;Calabrese EJ;Kozumbo WJ;Gidday JM;Johnson TE;Mitchell JR;Ozaki CK;Wetzker R;Bast A;Belz RG;Bøtker HE;Koch S;Mattson MP;Simon RP;Jirtle RL;Andersen ME
人类的表现、耐力和恢复力都有生物学上的极限，这些极限是由遗传和表观遗传决定的，但可能尚未优化。关于如何提高这些极限并达到真正的最大值，很少有系统的、严谨的研究。实现这一目标可能会加速将条件反射、激效和应激适应等理论概念转化为技术进步。2017年，美国空军在马萨诸塞大学（University of Massachusetts）举办了一场由学科专家主办的会议，展示了显示生物表现的幅度和持续时间可能被放大的数据，并讨论了超过典型最大值是否会产生有害后果。研讨会的任务是“检查和讨论，如果可能的话，建议控制和利用内源性防御机制来增强生物组织的结构和功能的方法。”本白皮书的目标是实现和扩展这一研讨会收费。首先，基于研讨会的介绍，描述了一些利用内源性防御机制的既定方法。接下来，白皮书将实现以下目标：(1)对一些已发表的关于内源性防御的概念进行综合和批判性分析；(2)产生关于增强生物性能和恢复力的新想法；(3)为研究人员提出具体建议，不仅要检查更广泛的刺激剂量，还要系统地修改刺激输入（时间、数量、频率和暴露时间）和测量输出（检测终点间隔和寿命）的时间维度。因此，研究人员提出了一条前进的道路，希望优化支持人类健康和长寿的方案，无论是在平民、士兵、运动员还是老年患者中。这些具体建议的长期目标是加速发现实用方法，以克服曾经被认为难以解决的性能最大化限制。
Human performance, endurance, and resilience have biological limits that are genetically and epigenetically predetermined but perhaps not yet optimized. There are few systematic, rigorous studies on how to raise these limits and reach the true maxima. Achieving this goal might accelerate translation of the theoretical concepts of conditioning, hormesis, and stress adaptation into technological advancements. In 2017, an Air Force-sponsored conference was held at the University of Massachusetts for discipline experts to display data showing that the amplitude and duration of biological performance might be magnified and to discuss whether there might be harmful consequences of exceeding typical maxima. The charge of the workshop was “to examine and discuss and, if possible, recommend approaches to control and exploit endogenous defense mechanisms to enhance the structure and function of biological tissues.” The goal of this white paper is to fulfill and extend this workshop charge. First, a few of the established methods to exploit endogenous defense mechanisms are described, based on workshop presentations. Next, the white paper accomplishes the following goals to provide: (1) synthesis and critical analysis of concepts across some of the published work on endogenous defenses, (2) generation of new ideas on augmenting biological performance and resilience, and (3) specific recommendations for researchers to not only examine a wider range of stimulus doses but to also systematically modify the temporal dimension in stimulus inputs (timing, number, frequency, and duration of exposures) and in measurement outputs (interval until assay end point, and lifespan). Thus, a path forward is proposed for researchers hoping to optimize protocols that support human health and longevity, whether in civilians, soldiers, athletes, or the elderly patients. The long-term goal of these specific recommendations is to accelerate the discovery of practical methods to conquer what were once considered intractable constraints on performance maxima.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00272.2012
发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bailey, Tom G.;Birk, Gurpreet K.;Thijssen, Dick H. J.
通讯作者：
Thijssen, Dick H. J.
DOI：
10.1084/jem.86.1.29
发表时间：
1947-06-30
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beeson PB;Technical Assistance of Elizabeth Roberts
通讯作者：
Technical Assistance of Elizabeth Roberts
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Brager, Allison J.;Yang, Tao;Paul, Ketema N.
通讯作者：
Paul, Ketema N.
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Avramova, Zoya
通讯作者：
Avramova, Zoya
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Baker, TL;Mitchell, GS
通讯作者：
Mitchell, GS