Contemporary evolution rivals the effects of rhizobium presence on community and ecosystem properties in experimental mesocosms

Contemporary evolution rivals the effects of rhizobium presence on community and ecosystem properties in experimental mesocosms
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当代进化与实验中生态系统中根瘤菌的存在对群落和生态系统特性的影响相媲美

DOI:
10.1007/s00442-022-05253-1
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Heath, Katy D.
Heath, Katy D.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lau, Jennifer A.;Hammond, Mark D.;Schmidt, Jennifer E.;Weese, Dylan J.;Yang, Wendy H.;Heath, Katy D.

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由于一个物种内的基因型通常在影响其他物种、整个群落甚至生态系统功能的性状上存在差异,因此一个关键物种内的进化变化可能会影响群落和生态系统过程。本研究利用实验中生态系统,比较了20年氮肥处理下根瘤菌互生菌合作度降低的演化与根瘤菌存在对土壤氮素有效性、植物群落组成和多样性的影响。根瘤菌合作减少的进化导致土壤氮、生物固氮和叶片氮浓度的降低,其强度与实验根瘤菌接种(存在/不存在)处理相同,甚至更强。根瘤菌进化和接种根瘤菌对豆科植物优势度、植物群落组成和物种多样性的影响通常在量级上较小,但表明根瘤菌进化可以改变植物功能群的相对丰度。我们的研究结果表明,微生物快速进化对生态系统和群落的影响可以与关键共生菌的存在或丰富所产生的影响相媲美。
Because genotypes within a species commonly differ in traits that influence other species, whole communities, or even ecosystem functions, evolutionary change within one key species may affect the community and ecosystem processes. Here we use experimental mesocosms to test how the evolution of reduced cooperation in rhizobium mutualists in response to 20 years of nitrogen fertilization compares to the effects of rhizobium presence on soil nitrogen availability and plant community composition and diversity. The evolution of reduced rhizobium cooperation caused reductions in soil nitrogen, biological nitrogen fixation, and leaf nitrogen concentrations that were as strong as, or even stronger than, experimental rhizobium inoculation (presence/absence) treatments. Effects of both rhizobium evolution and rhizobium inoculation on legume dominance, plant community composition, and plant species diversity were often smaller in magnitude, but suggest that rhizobium evolution can alter the relative abundance of plant functional groups. Our findings indicate that the consequences of rapid microbial evolution for ecosystems and communities can rival the effects resulting from the presence or abundance of keystone mutualists.
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