Abscisic acid regulates secondary cell-wall formation and lignin deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana through phosphorylation of NST1.
Abscisic acid regulates secondary cell-wall formation and lignin deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana through phosphorylation of NST1.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2010911118
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发表时间：
2021-02-02
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Dixon RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu C;Yu H;Rao X;Li L;Dixon RA
植物中木质素的沉积受到环境胁迫的影响，胁迫信号涉及植物激素脱落酸(ABA)水平的增加。在这里，我们结合使用生化和遗传方法，展示了ABA如何调节木质素的生物合成。这涉及到主要的木质素转录因子NST1被一系列蛋白激酶(SnRK2)磷酸化，由于ABA受体的识别，这些蛋白激酶本身被磷酸化激活。这项工作为设计更好地适应压力和气候变化的树木和其他生物质植物提供了基础。植物次生细胞壁的沉积和木质化既受季节因素的影响，又受非生物胁迫的影响，这些反应可能涉及激素脱落酸(ABA)。然而，其中涉及的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明，限制ABA合成或信号的突变通过涉及SnRK2激酶的核心ABA信号通路减少了拟南芥SCW的厚度和木质化的程度。SnRK2.2。3和6在物理上与SCW调节因子NAC次生壁增厚促进因子1(NST1)相互作用，NST1是一个NAC家族转录因子，协调一系列SCW下游生物合成基因的转录激活，其中一些基因参与纤维素和木质素的生物合成。这种相互作用导致NST1在Ser316处的磷酸化，该残基在双子叶植物的NST1蛋白中高度保守，而在单子叶植物中不是，并且是下游SCW相关基因启动子转录激活所必需的。NST1突变背景中NST1功能的丧失导致茎的束间纤维区缺少SCW，NST1的Ser316Ala突变体不能补充这一表型和ABA诱导的木质素途径基因的表达。NST1作为SnRK2磷酸化的关键底物的发现表明，ABA介导的核心信号级联为陆地植物提供了一种激素调节的、竞争性的耐脱水策略，使它们能够分化出由较厚细胞壁的细胞组成的传导水分和支持组织。
Lignin deposition in plants is affected by environmental stress, and stress-signaling involves increases in the levels of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). Here we show, using a combination of biochemical and genetic approaches, how ABA can regulate lignin biosynthesis. This involves phosphorylation of the master lignin transcription factor NST1 by a family of protein kinases (SnRK2s) that are themselves activated by phosphorylation as a result of ABA recognition by its receptor. This work provides a basis for designing trees and other biomass plants that are better adapted to stress and climate change. Plant secondary cell-wall (SCW) deposition and lignification are affected by both seasonal factors and abiotic stress, and these responses may involve the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). However, the mechanisms involved are not clear. Here we show that mutations that limit ABA synthesis or signaling reduce the extent of SCW thickness and lignification in Arabidopsis thaliana through the core ABA-signaling pathway involving SnRK2 kinases. SnRK2.2. 3 and 6 physically interact with the SCW regulator NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR 1 (NST1), a NAC family transcription factor that orchestrates the transcriptional activation of a suite of downstream SCW biosynthesis genes, some of which are involved in the biosynthesis of cellulose and lignin. This interaction leads to phosphorylation of NST1 at Ser316, a residue that is highly conserved among NST1 proteins from dicots, but not monocots, and is required for transcriptional activation of downstream SCW-related gene promoters. Loss of function of NST1 in the snd1 mutant background results in lack of SCWs in the interfascicular fiber region of the stem, and the Ser316Ala mutant of NST1 fails to complement this phenotype and ABA-induced lignin pathway gene expression. The discovery of NST1 as a key substrate for phosphorylation by SnRK2 suggests that the ABA-mediated core-signaling cascade provided land plants with a hormone-modulated, competitive desiccation-tolerance strategy allowing them to differentiate water-conducting and supporting tissues built of cells with thicker cell walls.
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