Formation of spermatogonia and fertile oocytes in golden hamsters requires piRNAs.

Formation of spermatogonia and fertile oocytes in golden hamsters requires piRNAs.
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金仓鼠中精子和肥沃的卵母细胞的形成需要PIRNA。

DOI:
10.1038/s41556-021-00746-2
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发表时间:
2021-09
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Svoboda P
Svoboda P
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Loubalova Z;Fulka H;Horvat F;Pasulka J;Malik R;Hirose M;Ogura A;Svoboda P

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PIWI相互作用RNA(piRNA)通过抑制反转录转座子来支持生殖系。在小鼠中对该途径的研究强烈地形成了哺乳动物piRNA对雄性而不是雌性生育力至关重要的观点。在这里,我们报告了皮尔纳通路的作用在金黄仓鼠(Mesocricetus auratus)中有很大不同,其皮尔纳通路的设置更接近于其他哺乳动物,包括人类。Mov 10 l1 RNA解旋酶(一种必需的皮尔纳生物合成因子)的缺失导致两性中引人注目的表型。与小鼠相反,雌性Mov 10 l1-/-仓鼠是不育的,因为它们的卵母细胞不能维持合子发育。此外,Mov 10 l1-/-雄性仓鼠的精原细胞的建立受损,伴随着转录组失调和年轻的反转录转座子亚家族的表达激增。我们的研究结果表明,哺乳动物皮尔纳通路在两性中都具有重要作用,其适应性使其能够管理新出现的基因组威胁并在种系中获得新的关键作用。一组三篇论文报道,基于在金黄仓鼠中进行的遗传扰动实验,皮尔纳途径对哺乳动物雌性生育力至关重要。
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) support the germline by suppressing retrotransposons. Studies of the pathway in mice have strongly shaped the view that mammalian piRNAs are essential for male but not for female fertility. Here, we report that the role of the piRNA pathway substantially differs in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), the piRNA pathway setup of which more closely resembles that of other mammals, including humans. The loss of the Mov10l1 RNA helicase—an essential piRNA biogenesis factor—leads to striking phenotypes in both sexes. In contrast to mice, female Mov10l1–/– hamsters are sterile because their oocytes do not sustain zygotic development. Furthermore, Mov10l1–/– male hamsters have impaired establishment of spermatogonia accompanied by transcriptome dysregulation and an expression surge of a young retrotransposon subfamily. Our results show that the mammalian piRNA pathway has essential roles in both sexes and its adaptive nature allows it to manage emerging genomic threats and acquire new critical roles in the germline. A set of three papers reports that the piRNA pathway is essential for mammalian female fertility based on genetic perturbation experiments performed in golden hamsters.
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