Predators as drivers of insect defenses

Predators as drivers of insect defenses
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捕食者是昆虫防御的驱动力

DOI:
10.1111/ens.12423
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
0.9
通讯作者:
Sugiura Shinji
Sugiura Shinji
中科院分区:
农林科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fukunishi Miki;Sasai Shinsaku;Tojo Motoaki;Mochizuki Tomofumi;Sugiura Shinji

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昆虫已经进化出各种类型的反捕食防御。例如,许多昆虫进化出了神秘的身体,并表现出神秘的身体颜色和形状来躲避捕食者。其他昆虫产生毒素作为对捕食者的一种化学防御形式,一些有毒昆虫是警戒性的,用显眼的身体颜色来宣传它们的毒素。昆虫还可以发育毛发、刺或坚硬的外骨骼作为形态防御,以保护自己免受捕食。此外,昆虫可以进化出行为防御,其中昆虫表现出自残或掉落,或假装死亡。本研究调查了哪些捕食者类型引起这些类型的防御,通过审查的有效性antipredator防御昆虫对食肉动物,通常被用作模型捕食者的研究。这些掠食者包括其他昆虫、蜘蛛、鱼、青蛙、蜥蜴、鸟类和哺乳动物。这些结果为阐明昆虫抗捕食防御的进化驱动因素迈出了第一步。未来的研究应考虑以下几个方面:多个捕食者物种和足够的复制,替代猎物和捕食者模型,以及昆虫对捕食者的耐受性。
Insects have evolved various types of antipredator defenses. For example, many insects have evolved crypsis, and exhibit cryptic body colors and shapes for hiding from predators. Other insects produce toxins as a form of chemical defense against predators, and some toxic insects are aposematic, with conspicuous body colors for advertising their toxins. Insects can also develop hairs, spines or hard exoskeletons as morphological defenses to protect themselves from predation. In addition, insects can evolve behavioral defenses, in which insects exhibit autotomy or dropping, or feign death. This study investigated which predator types evoke these types of defenses, through a review of the effectiveness of antipredator defenses in insects against carnivorous animals that are commonly used as model predators in studies. These predators include other insects, spiders, fish, frogs, lizards, birds and mammals. The results provide the first step for clarifying the evolutionary drivers of antipredator defenses in insects. The following aspects should be considered for future studies: multiple predator species and sufficient replication, alternative prey and predator models, and tolerance to predators in insects.
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