Stress, stress hormones, and adult neurogenesis.

Stress, stress hormones, and adult neurogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.01.008
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发表时间:
2012-01
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Gould, Elizabeth
Gould, Elizabeth
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schoenfeld, Timothy J.;Gould, Elizabeth

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海马的齿状回在整个成年期继续产生新的神经元。成人神经发生与海马功能有关,包括学习和记忆,焦虑调节和应激反应的反馈。因此,影响海马功能的压力也会改变新神经元的产生和存活,这并不奇怪。糖皮质激素,沿着其他神经化学物质,已被牵连在成年神经发生的应激诱导的损害。有趣的是,皮质酮水平的增加有时与齿状回中成年神经发生的增强有关。在这些情况下,缓冲升高的糖皮质激素的抑制性影响的因素仍然未知-它们的发现可能提供逆转慢性暴露于厌恶性压力引起的病理过程的线索。
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus continues to produce new neurons throughout adulthood. Adult neurogenesis has been linked to hippocampal function, including learning and memory, anxiety regulation and feedback of the stress response. It is thus not surprising that stress, which affects hippocampal function, also alters the production and survival of new neurons. Glucocorticoids, along with other neurochemicals, have been implicated in stress-induced impairment of adult neurogenesis. Paradoxically, increases in corticosterone levels are sometimes associated with enhanced adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. In these circumstances, the factors that buffer against the suppressive influence of elevated glucocorticoids remain unknown – their discovery may provide clues to reversing pathological processes arising from chronic exposure to aversive stress.
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