Global energy scenarios: A geopolitical reality check

Global energy scenarios: A geopolitical reality check
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全球能源情景:地缘政治现实检验

DOI:
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102781
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发表时间:
2024
期刊:
Global Environmental Change
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Blondeel M
Blondeel M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Blondeel M

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正在进行的全球能源系统转型(GEST)吸引了多个学科和从业人员的注意,用不同的分析和概念工具处理这一过程。我们探讨了能源系统建模和他们使用的风格化场景之间存在的“整合鸿沟”,以及能源地缘政治之间的“整合鸿沟”。我们考虑这些方法如何相辅相成,以加深我们对全球能源系统未来的理解。使用一个新的定性分析框架,我们回顾了一系列最先进的全球能源情景在其叙事和模型实施中捕捉和反映能源地缘政治关键问题的程度。我们发现,很少有情景会深入考虑地缘政治。那些这样做的人往往将其视为符合《巴黎协定》气候目标的脱碳努力的障碍。与巴黎保持一致的规范性情景描述了顺利的变革进程,在这种情况下,国家之间的合作与协调是假定的,而地缘政治往往完全不存在。我们的研究结果强调,有必要更复杂地理解“纸面过渡”与Gest现实世界的混乱和复杂之间的区别,在Gest中,地缘政治具有同时加速和阻碍转型进程的双重性质。
The ongoing Global Energy System Transformation (GEST) has attracted the attention of multiple academic disciplines and practitioners, approaching the process with different analytical and conceptual tools. We explore the ‘integration gap’ that exists between, on the one hand, Energy System Modelling and the stylised scenarios they use, and on the other, energy geopolitics. We consider how these approaches can complement each other to further our understanding of the global energy system’s future. Using a novel qualitative analytical framework, we review the extent to which a range of state-of-the-art global energy scenarios capture and reflect key issues in energy geopolitics in their narratives and model implementation. We find that few scenarios consider geopolitics in any depth. Those that do often treat it as a barrier to decarbonisation efforts that are aligned with the climate objectives of the Paris Agreement. Normative, Paris-aligned scenarios describe smooth processes of change where cooperation and coordination between countries are assumed and where geopolitics is often completely absent. Our findings emphasise the need for a more intricate understanding of the difference between ‘paper transitions’ and the real-world messiness and complexities of GEST, where geopolitics has a dual quality of simultaneously accelerating and hindering the transformation process.
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