Does memory reactivation during sleep support generalization at the cost of memory specifics?
Does memory reactivation during sleep support generalization at the cost of memory specifics?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107442
复制
发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Paller KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Witkowski S;Noh S;Lee V;Grimaldi D;Preston AR;Paller KA
睡眠对记忆很重要，但它是否有利于巩固具体细节或提取一般信息？当记忆在睡眠中被重新激活时，这两种情况可能会同时发生，或者某些记忆细节的丢失可能会促进泛化。为了研究这些问题，我们测试了观看六位艺术家的风景画的参与者的记忆。绘画被裁剪，只显示了场景的一部分。在学习阶段，每个绘画部分都呈现了艺术家的名字和与该艺术家唯一相关的非语言声音。在一项关于细节记忆的测试中，参与者被展示了由六个绘画部分组成的阵列，所有这些部分都是由同一位艺术家创作的。参与者试图选择在学习阶段看到的一个。通过要求参与者观看新的绘画，并对每一幅作品决定六位艺术家中的哪一位创作了它，测试了概括性。在测试之后，参与者有90分钟的睡眠机会，并进行多导睡眠监测。当检测到慢波睡眠时，与艺术家相关的三个声音线索被重复呈现，而不会唤醒参与者。睡眠后，参与者再次接受记忆细节和概括的测试。睡眠期间，由于声音线索的记忆重新激活，导致具体测试的准确性相对下降，这可能表明过渡到有利于概括的细节的丢失，特别是边界等细节。睡眠后的泛化表现变化很小，不受声音提示的影响。虽然研究结果初步表明睡眠与记忆转化有关，但还需要进一步的研究来检查更长时间内的记忆变化。
Sleep is important for memory, but does it favor consolidation of specific details or extraction of generalized information? Both may occur together when memories are reactivated during sleep, or a loss of certain memory details may facilitate generalization. To examine these issues, we tested memory in participants who viewed landscape paintings by six artists. Paintings were cropped to show only a section of the scene. During a learning phase, each painting section was presented with the artist’s name and with a nonverbal sound that had been uniquely associated with that artist. In a test of memory for specifics, participants were shown arrays of six painting sections, all by the same artist. Participants attempted to select the one that was seen in the learning phase. Generalization was tested by asking participants to view new paintings and, for each one, decide which of the six artists created it. After this testing, participants had a 90-minute sleep opportunity with polysomnographic monitoring. When slow-wave sleep was detected, three of the sound cues associated with the artists were repeatedly presented without waking the participants. After sleep, participants were again tested for memory specifics and generalization. Memory reactivation during sleep due to the sound cues led to a relative decline in accuracy on the specifics test, which could indicate the transition to a loss of detail that facilitates generalization, particularly details such as the borders. Generalization performance showed very little change after sleep and was unaffected by the sound cues. Although results tentatively implicate sleep in memory transformation, further research is needed to examine memory change across longer time periods.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Murray, Greg;Carrington, Melinda J.;Trinder, John
通讯作者：
Trinder, John
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Lutz, Nicolas D.;Diekelmann, Susanne;Rauss, Karsten
通讯作者：
Rauss, Karsten
影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Norman, KA;Newman, EL;Perotte, AJ
通讯作者：
Perotte, AJ
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Kornell, Nate;Bjork, Robert A.
通讯作者：
Bjork, Robert A.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Batterink, Laura J.;Paller, Ken A.
通讯作者：
Paller, Ken A.