Evolutionary ecology of insect adaptation to Bt crops.
Evolutionary ecology of insect adaptation to Bt crops.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00129.x
复制
发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Tabashnik BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carrière Y;Crowder DW;Tabashnik BE
转基因作物生产的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）毒素在世界范围内用于控制玉米和棉花的主要害虫。发展策略，以延迟害虫对Bt作物的抗性的演变，需要了解影响自然选择的因素，其中包括Bt作物的生存变化，抗性的遗传性，以及与抗性突变相关的适合度优势。拖延抵抗的两种主要策略是避难所策略和金字塔策略。两者都可以降低抗性的遗传力，但金字塔也可以通过减少抗性的遗传变异来延迟抗性。然而，转基因品种中Bt毒素浓度的季节性下降可以增加抗性的遗传力。与抗性突变相关的适应性优势可以通过农艺措施来减少，包括增加避难所的大小，操纵避难所以增加适应性成本，以及操纵Bt品种以减少抗性个体的适应性。操纵成本和抗性个体对转基因杀虫作物的适应性对于阻止单倍二倍体和孤雌生殖害虫的抗性进化可能特别重要。在过去的14年里，只有5种害虫对Bt作物产生了田间进化的抗性，这表明避难所策略成功地推迟了抗性，但抗性害虫的积累可能会加速。
Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are used worldwide to control major pests of corn and cotton. Development of strategies to delay the evolution of pest resistance to Bt crops requires an understanding of factors affecting responses to natural selection, which include variation in survival on Bt crops, heritability of resistance, and fitness advantages associated with resistance mutations. The two main strategies adopted for delaying resistance are the refuge and pyramid strategies. Both can reduce heritability of resistance, but pyramids can also delay resistance by reducing genetic variation for resistance. Seasonal declines in the concentration of Bt toxins in transgenic cultivars, however, can increase the heritability of resistance. The fitness advantages associated with resistance mutations can be reduced by agronomic practices, including increasing refuge size, manipulating refuges to increase fitness costs, and manipulating Bt cultivars to reduce fitness of resistant individuals. Manipulating costs and fitness of resistant individuals on transgenic insecticidal crops may be especially important for thwarting evolution of resistance in haplodiploid and parthenogenetic pests. Field-evolved resistance to Bt crops in only five pests during the last 14 years suggests that the refuge strategy has successfully delayed resistance, but the accumulation of resistant pests could accelerate.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5
作者：
Andow, DA;Ives, AR
通讯作者：
Ives, AR
影响因子：
5
作者：
Carrière, Y;Dutilleul, P;Tabashnik, BE
通讯作者：
Tabashnik, BE
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Carriere, Yves;Ellers-Kirk, Christa;Marsh, Stuart E.
通讯作者：
Marsh, Stuart E.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Caprio, MA;Faver, MK;Hankins, G
通讯作者：
Hankins, G
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bird, Lisa J.;Akhurst, Raymond J.
通讯作者：
Akhurst, Raymond J.