Integrated Impact Assessment of Active Travel: Expanding the Scope of the Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) for Walking and Cycling.
Integrated Impact Assessment of Active Travel: Expanding the Scope of the Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) for Walking and Cycling.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17207361
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发表时间：
2020-10-09
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Racioppi F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Götschi T;Kahlmeier S;Castro A;Brand C;Cavill N;Kelly P;Lieb C;Rojas-Rueda D;Woodcock J;Racioppi F
世界卫生组织的步行和骑自行车健康经济评估工具（HEAT）是一个用户友好的基于网络的工具，用于评估主动旅行对健康的影响。10多年前开发的HEAT已被研究人员、规划人员和政策制定者用于评估国家和地方范围内的步行和骑自行车政策。HEAT采用最新的科学证据进行定期升级。本文介绍了该工具的最新升级。步行和/或骑自行车对特定人群的健康影响是以避免（或造成）过早死亡的方式量化的。除了计算身体活动带来的益处外，HEAT最近还扩展到评估与步行或骑自行车时空气污染暴露和撞车风险相关的负担。此外，现在可以评估从模式转换到主动出行模式对碳排放的影响。使用统计生命价值和碳社会成本的影响货币化现在使用特定于国家的价值。由于积极的旅行本身往往会带来巨大的健康益处，而且并非总是可以忽略不计的风险，因此，如果不考虑健康影响，对积极旅行行为或政策的评估是不完整的。HEAT的最新发展使人们比以往任何时候都更容易获得与步行和骑自行车相关的健康影响和碳排放的大致估计。
The World Health Organization’s Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) for walking and cycling is a user-friendly web-based tool to assess the health impacts of active travel. HEAT, developed over 10 years ago, has been used by researchers, planners and policymakers alike in appraisals of walking and cycling policies at both national and more local scales. HEAT has undergone regular upgrades adopting the latest scientific evidence. This article presents the most recent upgrades of the tool. The health impacts of walking and/or cycling in a specified population are quantified in terms of premature deaths avoided (or caused). In addition to the calculation of benefits derived from physical activity, HEAT was recently expanded to include assessments of the burden associated with air pollution exposure and crash risks while walking or cycling. Further, the impacts on carbon emissions from mode shifts to active travel modes can now be assessed. The monetization of impacts using Value of Statistical Life and Social Costs of Carbon now uses country-specific values. As active travel inherently results in often substantial health benefits as well as not always negligible risks, assessments of active travel behavior or policies are incomplete without considering health implications. The recent developments of HEAT make it easier than ever to obtain ballpark estimates of health impacts and carbon emissions related to walking and cycling.
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系统的审查和荟萃分析对步行，骑自行车以及剂量反应关系的全因死亡率的降低和荟萃分析。
DOI：
10.1186/s12966-014-0132-x
发表时间：
2014-10-24
期刊：
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kelly P;Kahlmeier S;Götschi T;Orsini N;Richards J;Roberts N;Scarborough P;Foster C
通讯作者：
Foster C
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Beelen, Rob;Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole;Hoek, Gerard
通讯作者：
Hoek, Gerard
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Johan de Hartog J;Boogaard H;Nijland H;Hoek G
通讯作者：
Hoek G
DOI：
10.1186/1476-069x-12-43
发表时间：
2013-05-28
期刊：
Environmental health : a global access science source
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hoek G;Krishnan RM;Beelen R;Peters A;Ostro B;Brunekreef B;Kaufman JD
通讯作者：
Kaufman JD
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Doorley, Ronan;Pakrashi, Vikram;Ghosh, Bidisha
通讯作者：
Ghosh, Bidisha