Polarity Sorting of Microtubules in the Axon.

Polarity Sorting of Microtubules in the Axon.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tins.2017.11.002
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发表时间:
2018-03
影响因子:
15.9
通讯作者:
Baas PW
Baas PW
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rao AN;Baas PW

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细胞神经科学中一个长期存在的问题是,轴突中的微管是如何组织起来的,它们的正端是向外的,这与脊椎动物树突中微管的混合方向完全不同。最近的注意力集中在一种称为极性分选的机制上,在这种机制中,相反方向的微管在空间上被分子马达蛋白分开。在这里,我们讨论了这一机制,并得出结论,微管的极性排列在轴突细胞质动力蛋白,但也需要额外的因素。特别是,计算模型和实验证据表明,静态交联蛋白需要适当地限制微管运动,使极性分选细胞质动力蛋白可以发生的方式不受其他马达蛋白。
A long-standing question in cellular neuroscience is how microtubules in the axon become organized with their plus ends out, a pattern starkly different from the mixed orientation of microtubules in vertebrate dendrites. Recent attention has focused on a mechanism called polarity sorting, in which microtubules of opposite orientation are spatially separated by molecular motor proteins. Here we discuss this mechanism, and conclude that microtubules are polarity sorted in the axon by cytoplasmic dynein, but that additional factors are also needed. In particular, computational modeling and experimental evidence suggest that static cross-linking proteins are required to appropriately restrict microtubule movements so that polarity sorting by cytoplasmic dynein can occur in a manner unimpeded by other motor proteins.
细胞质动力蛋白在微管和神经丝的轴突转运中的作用。
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